Where?

Kosovo is part of the former Yugoslavia in Eastern Europe. Its location means it has long been home to people of different religions and ethnic backgrounds, and therefore the setting for controversy.

When?

Kosovo was an autonomous region from 1945 until 1989. In 1998, the Kosovo Liberation Army demanded independence from Serbian rule. In the ensuing violence, Nato launched air strikes against Yugoslavia in 1999. Kosovo has been under UN administration ever since.

Who?

Kosovo's independence has so far been recognised by Germany, Italy, France, the UK, Austria, the US, Turkey, Albania and Afghanistan. Russia, Spain and, of course, Serbia are among the smaller group of nations refusing to recognise the declaration.

Why?

Why have some states refused to acknowledge Kosovo's independence? Serbia has accused the US of helping to create a 'false state' and violating international laws. It has withdrawn its ambassadors from countries supporting the move. Others, like Spain, object on the basis that it will encourage separatist movements in their own countries.

How?

How will the situation be resolved? It is likely to be some time before a solution is reached, as the UN Security Council is deadlocked over how to respond to Kosovo's declaration.