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The possibility of far-right leader Marine Le Pen winning the French presidential election is likely to haunt the markets for the next six weeks. Photo: Reuters

Don’t be fooled by the euro’s recovery: populist politics is on the rise

Investors are under the false impression that a rising tide of anti-establishment politics that engulfed the US and Britain may spare the euro zone

Currencies

On Tuesday, the euro shot up by 0.7 per cent versus the dollar to reach its highest level since November, bringing its gains against the greenback since the beginning of this month to 2.7 per cent.

For a currency which has suffered because of concerns about an escalation in political risk in Europe’s single currency area - and which lost 2.3 per cent against the dollar last month due to fears about the possibility of far-right leader Marine Le Pen winning the decisive round of France’s presidential election on May 7 - this is quite a rally.

There are several reasons why the euro has been strengthening of late. One of them is increasing confidence among international investors that the rising tide of anti-establishment populism that engulfed the US and Britain last year may spare the euro zone.

Geert Wilders’ weaker-than-anticipated performance in last week’s Dutch parliamentary elections has eased some anxiety among investors about the rising tide of populist politics in Europe. Photo: Reuters
The weaker-than-expected performance of the far right, anti-Islamic party of Geert Wilders in last week’s Dutch parliamentary election has contributed to the perception among investors that there is now less chance of Le Pen winning the French presidential election - the focal point of market anxiety for the next six weeks.

Indeed, Le Pen’s main opponent, the independent and reform-minded candidate Emmanuel Macron, performed well in a presidential TV debate on Monday, cementing his status as the frontrunner in the election and boosting sentiment towards the euro.

In a sign of the extent to which investors viewed the more market-friendly result of the Dutch election through the prism of France’s high-stakes presidential contest, the spread between the yields on benchmark French and German 10-year government bonds - the most closely watched measure of perceived political risk in France - narrowed immediately after the results of the Dutch ballot were published and now stands at 64 basis points, compared with 85 basis points a month or so ago.

The euro has recovered some ground, gaining 2.7 per cent against the greenback since the beginning of March. Photo: AFP
JP Morgan Asset Management even recommends that investors start including “upside political risk in the equation for European markets in 2017, at a time when the economic fundamentals [in the region] are strengthening.”

Yet has populism really peaked in advanced economies, and is this a reason to take a more bullish view on the euro?

Firstly, it is noteworthy that the main reason why Wilders’ party did not perform as strongly in the Dutch election as markets had feared is because the main centrist parties, in particular Dutch premier Mark Rutte’s centre-right group, co-opted parts of Wilders’ nationalist and populist agenda during the campaign.

The recent strength in the euro is, paradoxically, a reflection of mounting concerns about the consequences of populism in the US

The Dutch political landscape has, if anything, become even more populist since the election.

Secondly, as Deutsche Bank rightly notes, “there are limited takeaways for the French presidential race.” There is a huge difference between a Dutch parliamentary election based on proportional representation and a highly personalised two-horse race in the French presidential run-off.

Make no mistake, Le Pen, a charismatic and consummate politician, should not be written off.

Thirdly, the euro has strengthened mainly because the dollar has fallen sharply since last Wednesday’s decision by the US Federal Reserve to refrain from announcing a faster pace of interest rate rises. The dollar index, a gauge of the greenback’s performance against a basket of its peers, has fallen 1.8 per cent since March 15, buoying other currencies, including the euro.

The dollar is under pressure as doubts over President Trump’s ability to get his pro-business policies past Congress grow. Photo: Bloomberg
Yet part of the reason why the dollar is under strain is waning confidence in the ability of US President Donald Trump to win Congressional approval for his much-anticipated pro-business policies, with a crucial vote on Thursday on the repeal of former president Barrack Obama’s health care reforms being framed as a test case of policy credibility.

For the first time since Trump was elected president in November, investors are seriously questioning the political underpinnings of ‘Trumponomics’.

The recent strength in the euro is, paradoxically, a reflection of mounting concerns about the consequences of populism in the US.

Even in Europe, while the far right did not perform as strongly as expected in the Dutch election, anti-establishment sentiment in the European Union – fuelled by the Brexit vote – has forced the European Commission to shelve plans for further economic and political integration within the bloc, possibly indefinitely, given growing antipathy towards the euro zone on the part of populist and nationalist parties.

Even if Le Pen loses France’s presidential election – which is still likely – centrist parties in many European economies are likely to turn more populist in order to attract votes, as was the case in the Netherlands.

The populist tide has yet to turn.

Nicholas Spiro is a partner at Lauressa Advisory

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: Europe not out of the woods yet as populism gains solid ground
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