bodyType

customContents

entityId

entityUuid

articlePageQuery

filter

article

articleBaseAdvertisingInfoArticle

articleListArticle

articleSeoArticle

helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle

hooksArticleAcknowledgementGateOverlayArticle

hooksTrackPageViewArticle

hooksContentInterestArticle

articleLinkingDataContent

hooksAmpRedirectArticle

articleSchemaContent

liveArticle

advertZone

sentiment

contentLock

topics

types

sections

moreOnThisArticles

urlAlias

commentCount

authorLocations

authors

paywallTypes

corrections

sponsorType

displaySlideShow

multimediaEmbed

printHeadline

seriesContainer

socialHeadline

headline

flag

firstTopic

glossary

flattenTypeIds

publishedDate

additionalInfoBoxes

images

image

relatedLinks

relatedNewsletters

__typename

createdDate

sponsor

pdfFiles

seriesReverseOrder

series

disableOffPlatformContent

published

updatedDate

summary

subHeadline

body

keywords

readingTime

customTimezone

liveContents

Ian Young

Top-paying jobs aren’t easy to come by in the City of Vancouver, which partly explains its spiralling unaffordability. But there are at least 75,000 tireless workers here who last year made the incredible average rate of C$126 per hour.
Sadly, these workers are not among the city’s human inhabitants.
They are its single-family homes.
In fact, the quiet efforts of these houses (or, more accurately, the dirt on which they sit) were rewarded so handsomely last year that they made their owners about C$25 billion, compared to an estimated C$19 billion in citywide employment earnings.
That’s right: the owners of single-family houses in Vancouver made more by sitting on their assets than everyone in the entire city did by actually going to work.
That eye-popping calculation comes courtesy of mathematician Dr Jens von Bergmann, a former teacher at Notre Dame and the University of Calgary.
Von Bergmann now runs MountainMath Software in Vancouver, but his side interest is combining and presenting data in ways that help us better understand the city. He is best known for his “census mapper” depictions of Vancouver, that vividly chart the distribution of everything from poverty and mortgages to Irish ancestry.
In Bizarro Vancouver, 25,000 households declare less income than they spend on housing alone
His calculations - which are the result of combining data from the Census and National Household Survey, the City of Vancouver, Metro Vancouver and BC Assessment – show just how much more lucrative it is to own a house in Vancouver compared to, say, slogging away in a cubicle or on the end of a shovel with the rest of the schmucks.
Von Bergmann, who first posted his findings on the MountainMath site earlier this year, also raises an interesting point about the Vancouver affordability debate: while there is a hue and cry about the origins of buyers’ money as it floods into the market, there is a lot less about how to treat that money once it has arrived in the bank accounts of sellers. “[There is] a tendency to view the money that is buying Vancouver real estate very critically, whereas once locals pocket the land value rises that same money is suddenly welcome and well-deserved,” he said. “I find the vilification of the money pre-purchase in contrast to the silent acceptance of the money post-purchase problematic.”
Lucrative ‘thumb-twiddling’ in Vancouver
So how does von Bergmann reach his conclusion that owners of single family houses earned more than all City of Vancouverites did by working?
The latter part is pretty easy. The 2011 National Household Survey shows that the city’s average household income was C$80,460 (for the 2010 tax year). Multiply this by the 264,575 households in the city for total income of C$21.29billion. But of this total, only 78 per cent is attributable to employment or self-employment income (versus, say, investment income or welfare). So the total pre-tax amount that City of Vancouverites earned by actually working in 2010 was C$16.6billion.
Assuming that Vancouverites’ overall employment income rose at the rate Statscan suggests that median incomes did from 2010 to 2013, then did so again from 2013 to 2015, this results in total citywide pretax work income of about C$19.2 billion.
Von Bergmann offers a slight caveat here: “Average incomes have probably risen a tiny bit more than median incomes [because of] the nature of incomes at the top … generally growing faster. But [the] effect will be very small.”
Vancouver’s housing crisis: No, not like before, not like anywhere else
Calculating the amount “earned” by Vancouver’s single family homes is trickier. First, von Bergmann had to identify these homes, which he did by combining a City of Vancouver property outline dataset with Metro Vancouver land use data to calculate all single family and duplex properties, then subtracting stratified properties identified as having received multiple property tax bills.
I am not entirely sure why anyone would want twiddling thumbs to stay so lucrative
Dr Jens von Bergmann
In this way, he included houses with non-stratified basement suites or other dwellings, which are excluded from oft-cited census data that suggests about 47,000 single-family homes in Vancouver. Instead, von Bergmann concludes there are 78,740 single-family houses in Vancouver.
[It should be noted that the City of Vancouver has previously tallied about 76,000 single family houses; Von Bergmann said he could not explain that discrepancy. However, it’s not a big enough difference to alter his overall findings]
Von Bergmann then looked at the increase in value of these 78,740 properties, according to data from BC Assessment. Excluding building-value increases, the land-value-only increases averaged C$313,072, for a total land value rise of C$24.65 billion.
Von Bergmann acknowledges that there is a bit of wiggle room in his numbers, depending on exactly how one defines a single-family home, and the availability of combinable data.
“But at the end of the day it does not matter much what definition to use,” he told me. “The fact that land value increases outstrip [employment] income holds either way.”
By simply dividing the average land-value rise by the average Vancouver household’s 62 person-weeks of work per year (and assuming a 40-hour work week), von Bergmann calculates that the owners of Vancouver houses earned about C$126 per hour for what he called “thumb-twiddling”. East of Main Street, the rate was C$92 per hour; west of Main, a whopping C$173 per hour.
“I am not entirely sure why anyone would want twiddling thumbs to stay so lucrative…or why earnings from thumb-twiddling should remain tax-free [as untaxed capital gains on a principal residence],” von Bergmann said on the MountainMath site.
Not everyone agrees with Von Bergmann’s general point, that the speed, scale and taxability of house equity increases demands scrutiny.
It was in February’s throne speech, outlining her government’s agenda, that BC Premier Christy Clark made it clear she would “carefully protect the savings and equity that existing homeowners have painstakingly placed in their homes”.
“Painstaking” is not a word many would use to describe the process that last year saw the average price of a single family home in the Metro Vancouver rise by 40 per cent, hitting C$1.8million.
*
The Hongcouver blog is devoted to the hybrid culture of its namesake cities: Hong Kong and Vancouver. All story ideas and comments are welcome. Connect with me by email ian.young@scmp.com or on Twitter, @ianjamesyoung70.


From dressing Barbie to Michelle Obama, Jason Wu, fashion designer, on how he talked his way into the industry

HSBC suffered no risk from Meng Wanzhou’s alleged deceptions, court hears, as extradition fight enters crucial stage

Boeing 777 was chartered to fly Meng Wanzhou home, Canada court hears as she seeks to have bail relaxed

Canada wants to tax phantom foreign homebuyers to rein in red-hot property prices

Hongcouver

In  Vancouver, house owners made more sitting on their assets than entire population did by actually working last year

This map created by Dr Jens von Bergmann of MountainMath Software depicts yearly land value gains across Vancouver, averaged over the last 10 years, for individual single family homes. Areas with single-home land value rises of C$2million or more per year are shown in the deepest shade of red. Photo: MountainMath Software

Warning, low res image! This image may be republished, Vancouver mathematician Dr Jens von Bergmann. Photo: MountainMath

Opinion

Blogs

News

World

United States & Canada

Rising land value of single family homes made owners about C$25billion in 2015 in Vancouver, exceeding all employment income in the city, according to mathematician Jens von Bergmann


Expresses the views, ideas and conclusions of the author. (Eg. Enough of Crazy Rich Asians, think of crazy poor Hongkongers.)


Column

The Hongcouver

The Hongcouver | In Vancouver, house owners made more sitting on their assets than entire population did by actually working last year

Rising land value of single family homes made owners about C$25billion in 2015 in Vancouver, exceeding all employment income in the city, according to mathematician Jens von Bergmann