Developing Asia has to balance climate change fight with energy needs for growth

In contrast, China promised to abide by the same agreement, and emerged as an unlikely global climate leader by committing to more investments in energy projects in the region, including the Philippines, where Vice-Premier Wang Yang (汪洋) has pledged to build a new US$400 million hydroelectric facility.

The developing world – especially emerging economies like the Philippines – is no stranger to the risks from climate change. We will feel its impact first, and most severely. Ninety-five per cent of deaths from natural disasters in the past 25 years have occurred in developing nations. Given that the frequency of extreme weather will increase in line with global temperatures, we are well aware of the need for action.

But there is no “one-size-fits-all” approach to tackling climate change. Energy is a necessity for growth; the UN lists access to reliable, affordable power among its 17 sustainable development goals. In Asia, where one in seven people lack access to basic electricity, the balance between promoting socioeconomic growth and combating climate change is an extremely fine one for governments. States like the Philippines must therefore strike a balance.

Renewable energy prices are falling, but still remain unaffordable in comparison to conventional energy sources. This may not be an issue for consumers in wealthy countries, but poses a struggle for those in developing nations. For the Philippines, where energy is not subsidised, the effect is even more noticeable.

Moreover, renewable sources of energy are relatively unreliable. In the Philippines, where 30 per cent of our power is sourced from renewables, its inherently intermittent nature risks regular brownouts, an impediment to progress and a red light to potential investors. While we are by no means turning our backs on renewable energy, a technology-neutral approach will be required if the Philippines is to find this balance.