It was the North’s third nuclear test in February and subsequent UN sanctions that kick-started the cycle of ongoing escalating military tensions on the Korean peninsula.

Intelligence reports also suggest Pyongyang has readied two mid-range missiles on mobile launchers on its east coast, and is aiming at a test firing before the April 15 birthday of late founding leader Kim Il-sung.

Kim Jang-soo, chief national security adviser to President Park Geun-hye, said a test-launch could come before or after Wednesday, the date by which the North has suggested foreign diplomats consider leaving Pyongyang.

Japan has ordered its armed forces to shoot down any North Korean missile headed towards its territory, a defence ministry spokesman in Tokyo said on Monday.

A missile launch would be highly provocative, especially given the strong rebuke the North’s sole ally China handed it on the weekend and a US concession to delay its own planned missile test.

“No one should be allowed to throw a region, even the whole world, into chaos for selfish gains,” Chinese President Xi Jinping told an international forum in Boao, Hainan province, on Sunday.

Although he did not mention North Korea by name, Xi’s remarks were taken as a clear warning to the regime in Pyongyang which is hugely dependent on China’s economic and diplomatic support.

On Saturday, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi had told UN chief Ban Ki-moon that Beijing would “not allow troublemaking on China’s doorstep”.

The United States, which has met the North’s threats with some military muscle-flexing of its own, offered a calibrated concession on Saturday by delaying a planned inter-continental ballistic missile test.

A US defence official said Defence Secretary Chuck Hagel had postponed the Minuteman 3 test because it “might be misconstrued by some as suggesting that we were intending to exacerbate the current crisis with North Korea”.

The reported that the US and South Korea have drawn up plans for a measured tit-for-tat response to North Korean actions, which will be limited to prevent an escalation to broader war.

Citing unnamed US officials, the newspaper said the new “counter-provocation” strategy calls for an immediate but proportional “response in kind” if the North decides to launch a missile or ground attack.

North Korea’s bellicose rhetoric has reached fever pitch in recent weeks, with near-daily threats of attacks on US military bases and South Korea in response to ongoing South Korea-US military exercises.

The mid-range missiles mobilised by the North are reported to be untested Musudan models with an estimated range of around 3,000 kilometres that could theoretically be pushed to 4,000 kilometres with a light payload.

That would cover any target in South Korea and Japan, and possibly even US military bases on the Pacific island of Guam.

The North has no proven inter-continental ballistic missile capability that would enable it to strike more distant US targets, and many experts say it is unlikely it can even mount a nuclear warhead on a mid-range missile.

The one concrete step North Korea has taken is to block South Korean access to the Kaesong joint industrial zone that lies 10 kilometres inside the North side of the heavily-militarised border.

The block remained in place for a sixth straight day on Monday, prompting an angry outburst from South Korean Finance Minister Hyun Oh-seok.

“It’s quite ridiculous,” Hyun told reporters.

“North Korea might think that it has nothing to lose, but I think it has nothing to gain,” Hyun said, adding that the government would provide support to the 123 South Korean companies in Kaesong if needed.