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Heavy smog in the centre of Beijing on Friday. Photo: Bloomberg

Chinese flee smog to go on ‘lung cleansing’ breaks overseas

Big increase in interest in destinations abroad with cleaner air, according to travel firm, while tourist attractions inside the mainland took a hit during the New Year break

Toxic haze that settled over much of China during the last three weeks has triggered a flight reflex among residents, leading to the rising popularity of smog avoidance travel packages to far flung locations such as Iceland and Antarctica.

Traveller’s online keyword searches for terms such as “smog escape,” “lung cleansing” and “forests” had tripled amid the air pollution, according to a report titled “Smog Escape Travel Ranking” from Ctrip.com International. Smog avoidance tourism has become a major theme for winter travel this year, with the Seychelles, Maldives and Iceland touted as getaways with the freshest air, according to the online travel service.

Heavy smog has forced 62 cities including Beijing to issue health alerts since January 1 and hundreds of flights have been cancelled or delayed. More than half of China’s cities suffered medium to severe pollution on January 3 during the latest wave, with PM2.5 - the tiny particles which pose the greatest risk to health - as the main pollutant in most of them, according to the government.

Heavy pollution stretched into the weekend in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province before northerly winds blew the smog to southern regions, although hazardous conditions could return after winds subside. The state-run Xinhua news agency reported some schools in Beijing have started installing air purification systems in classrooms.

The Beijing Daily said on Sunday that city officials would shut down 500 high-polluting factories and make 2,560 others upgrade and clean up their operations, while also restricting high-polluting vehicles from the city starting next month.

Northern China in particular suffers severe pollution in winter because of a combination of fog and other weather conditions that trap industrial and auto emissions and those from burning millions of tons of coal used for heating in below-freezing temperatures.
Tourists wearing Santa hats taking a selfie at a geyser in Iceland last month. Photo: Reuters

The most popular overseas destinations are island escapes such as Phuket in Thailand, Bali in Indonesia, and Jeju in South Korea, while sought-after domestic getaways include Sanya on southern Hainan island, Xiamen and Guilin, according to Ctrip.

And while the blanket of air pollution stretches from the southwest to the northeast, Beijing residents were the most eager to get away, the report said.

Tourism within China is also taking a hit, with visits to top sites in Beijing falling 24 per cent to 1.84 million people during the New Year holiday period from December 31 to January 2, according to a statement from the Beijing Tourism Development Commission.

The reason for the decline was not clear and the commission doesn’t categorise smog as a particular cause, said an official in the Beijing commission’s marketing department, who decline to be named. A spokesman at the commission did not reply to requests for comment.

Whenever the pollution spikes higher, streets in the Chinese capital are filled with residents donning masks outside while others confine themselves to offices or apartments with air filters. Many others stoically go about their business unprotected.

A professor from China’s leading scientific think tank said media reports highlighting people’s decisions to flee the smog could scare the public and instead suggested news outlets should try to spread “positive energy”.

Toward that end, Beijing environmental officials have sought to put a positive light on the situation, noting that overall air quality in the city improved last year, with the total number of “blue sky days” up 12 from 2015 and the average PM2.5 measure dropping 9.9 per cent to an average of 73 micrograms.
Mountains and ice formations in Antarctica. Photo: Kyodo

Chen Jining, minister of environmental protection, said on Friday that he “felt guilty” and “wanted to reproach himself” because the pollution had disrupted people’s lives, according to Xinhua.

He said emissions from cars have become the primary source of fine particles in major cities, accounting for 31.3 per cent in Beijing, 29.2 per cent in Shanghai and 28 per cent in Hangzhou. The ministry is evaluating emergency plans of 20 cities for dealing with heavy air pollution, he said.

“The root cause of the region’s smog problems, from a long-term perspective, is the unclean industrial and energy mix, which require big changes,” Chen was quoted by Xinhua as saying, noting the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and neighbouring provinces were major coal consumers and have a large number of steel, coke and cement factories as well as cars.

Top leaders responded to public outrage over severe pollution three years ago by adding pollution control to local officials’ list of responsibilities. That put them in a difficult position as they try to balance pollution abatement efforts with economic growth targets, especially while the national economy has slowed.

The health threat has led to a flood of complaints on social media, many of which have been censored. An article widely posted on WeChat urging people to speak up about the smog was removed last week.

“Many people say the pollution fight can’t sacrifice the economy, but nobody really studies the economic cost caused by smog,” said one social media post. “Restaurants, shopping malls are mostly empty and tourism in Beijing at year end was losing business - and also talk about the impact on the movie industry. There’s a cinema right below my house, I don’t even want to go.”

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: Chinese flee smog on breathtaking escapes
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