Build your defences

Osteoporosis is largely preventable, and while there are good treatments, there is no cure at present. Building and maintaining strong bones, especially before the age of 30, is the best defence.

Hong Kong University's Centre for Osteoporosis at Queen Mary Hospital and the Chinese University of Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control offer some prevention tips:

Take your daily recommended amounts of calcium (800-1200mg per day found in milk, cheese, yoghurt, soya products, green vegetables, fish) and vitamin D (400IU to 800IU per day from sunlight - about 15 minutes a day - dairy products, egg yolks, saltwater fish and liver).

Get regular exercise. Weight-bearing (such as walking, jogging, stair-climbing, racquet sports) is best. Tai chi is also useful. Check with your doctor before starting if you've been sedentary for long periods.

Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol.

Talk to your doctor. Osteoporosis is a silent disease and many people remain unaware they have it. Have a bone density test if you're at risk: over 65 years old (especially women); people with low body weight regardless of height; those on corticosteroid treatment; post-menopausal women who also smoke; those who've suffered a fracture or whose relatives have had a fracture.