TONER
Cleanse, tone, moisturise. That is the mantra of every skin-care expert, but what does toning really do, if we have cleansed and are about to moisturise? The main functions of a toner are to balance the pH value of the skin and deeply cleanse, says Angie Tse of Origins.
Monica Shi of Dr.Hauschka says: 'The toning routine is stimulating the skin's ability to keep itself clean. Strong and elastic pores mean efficient expulsion of excreted matter and toxins.'
Toners should also hydrate the skin - and this partly explains the difference skin type makes to the ingredients in a toner.
Elaine Chui of the Paua Group says: 'Usually toners for dry/sensitive skin will contain more soothing, calming and hydrating ingredients, such as rose, plant glycerin or sodium PCA. Toners for oily/combination skin have more antiseptic and pore tightening ingredients, such as witch hazel.'
This can help discourage sebum production and promote healing after acne.