Unpredictable means you do not know what is round the next corner, so how do managers remain effective in an uncertain business climate?
The turbulent times we live in bring daunting problems for businesses. They face a growing global marketplace with organisations spanning time zones and borders. Organisations worldwide are grappling with solutions to effective management, as business challenges grow more complex.
Ingar Skaug, chief executive of one of the world's largest shipping companies, Wilh.Wilhelmsen, said: 'Experience shows that turbulence can be a positive force if we stay open to the possibilities and adapt.'
He said that the way to do this was to 'innovate - coming up with new approaches and heading off in new directions'.
Nonetheless, for many executives, the uncertainties faced often obscured the best, most exciting opportunities available and seeing beyond such uncertainties required a different approach to strategic planning and implementation.
This is one area in which executive education can help.