Crowds turned out in Beijing and Shanghai city centres yesterday, following an online call for a 'Jasmine Revolution' in 13 cities in response to pro-democracy protests across the Middle East.
Nervous that the gatherings might turn into larger protests, the authorities went on high alert.
Tens of thousands of police and state security agents were mobilised to quell the gatherings.
More than 20 mainland cities, including Tianjin, Chengdu and Guangzhou, stepped up security measures, with state security, police and armed forces ordered to stand by in case of emergency, according to the Hong Kong-based Information Centre for Human Rights and Democracy.
Universities in Shaanxi and Jiangsu were ordered to shut their gates to prevent students from leaving campus, it reported.
Rights group China Human Rights Defenders said at least 70 to 80 people across the country had their freedom of movement restricted by police over the weekend. Some were detained at police stations, while others were put under house arrest or forcibly taken out of their homes by police.