What is patriotism
Patriotism is devotion to one's country; it is closely linked to nationalism. While patriotism mean loving your country while acknowledging its deficiencies, nationalism is blind love for a country - and the denial of its imperfections. Patriotism is found mainly in times of peace, and nationalism most obviously in times of war.
Before the 18th century, much of the world was focused on city states. People were loyal to cities, local leaders and their religion. Yet the 18th century upheavals, such as the American Revolution (1775-83) and the French Revolution of 1789-99, fired nationalism. Countries began functioning as whole nations instead of groups of cities. It led cities to merge and form nations. Italy's Il Risorgimento (The Resurgence), starting in 1815, led to Italian cities and states to form into what is now Italy.
In times of war ... and peace
In times of war, patriotic fervour is at its strongest. In order to keep morale high, at home and where the troops are fighting, governments use different ways to bolster support. Countless posters during the second world war urged men to join the army and women to sign up to work in factories - all for the love of their country.
In times of peace, patriotism is dealt with in different ways. National signs, such as coats of arms, flags, anthems, flowers, currency, heads of state and colours, are used to encourage a sense of unity.