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People walk past a GameStop store in Midtown Manhattan on January 27, 2021 in New York City. Photo: Getty Images

Futu, Tiger Brokers land in ‘nerds vs Wall Street’ battle as social media users take on hedge funds over shares of GameStop, AMC

  • Futu will allow trading of GameStop and AMC Entertainment shares on its platforms after wild price swings and upstream restrictions
  • Brokers restricting free trading of stocks is ‘market manipulation’, analyst says
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Futu Holdings and Tiger Brokers, the online stockbroking platforms backed by two of China’s largest technology companies, have been caught up in a David-versus-Goliath battle half a world away that pits legions of social network users against some of Wall Street’s most powerful hedge funds.

The two brokers restricted customers, mostly young traders in mainland China and Hong Kong, from buying new shares of GameStop and AMC Entertainment Holdings on the New York Stock Exchange yesterday.

Shares of GameStop, a Texas-based operator of speciality game stores, quintupled in value this week to a record US$347.51 on Wednesday, before crashing by 44 per cent the next day as US brokerage firms barred traders from joining the fray. AMC, the biggest operator of cinemas in the US, jumped almost 500 per cent this week to a record US$19.90 on Wednesday before tumbling by 56.6 per cent on Thursday.
Futu barred customers from buying shares of GameStop and AMC overnight, allowing only those with existing stock in their portfolio to sell, following the lead by its US-licensed dealers, according to Futu, the Shenzhen-based broker backed by Tencent Holdings.
The company would resume trading of both stocks on Friday, founder Leaf Li Hua said. Tiger Brokers, which counts smartphone maker Xiaomi Corp as a backer, did not respond to requests for comment.

“We have communicated with the upstream [dealers], [so] the trading of [GameStop] on Futu will be restored by today,” Li said in a WeChat message to the South China Morning Post. “We didn’t make restrictions, it’s our upstream security firms that made the restrictions.”

Tiger Brokers, which also barred customers from buying the two US stocks, said on Friday that the move was “due to compliance requirements from upstream,” according to a Bloomberg report.

The restrictions imposed by brokerages are akin to manipulation of the market, said Gary Ching, macroeconomic and strategy chief analyst of Guosen Securities in Hong Kong.

“If this kind of activity can be done at will by these brokerages, the market can be manipulated,” he added.

The wild gyrations in the prices of GameStop and AMC originated on social networks, when a group calling itself the WallStreetBets used the online platform Reddit to rally its three million members to buy shares of the two companies in defiance of short calls by Wall Street hedge funds.

Short-sellers had been betting on the imminent decline in the stock prices of GameStop and AMC. AMC, previously owned by Dalian Wanda Group, was partly sold to Silverlake Partners for US$600 million in 2018 when the Chinese conglomerate was forced to dispose of its assets to pare debt. Wanda still owns 50 per cent of the cinema chain.

Dubbed the “nerds vs Wall Street” battle, the move generated a furore in New York, with the city’s Democratic Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez calling for an investigation.

“The GameStop phenomenon is a revolutionary event and for the first time that so many small retail investors fought against institutions whose decisions sometimes were not logical, and won the battle,” Ching said. “In the future, there will be more incidents like this, and it is likely to be expanded to other markets.”

He predicted that the brokerages will relax the trading restrictions which tend to be a commercial decision, and said the price fluctuations in GameStop shares are likely to continue.

AMC Entertainment’s cinema in West Chester, Ohio, on Saturday, July 30, 2016. Photo: Bloomberg
The use of social networks to move stock prices has its corollary in Hong Kong, when Next Digital’s shares jumped 26-fold in a day following calls on Facebook and Twitter to support the publisher of Apple Daily. A month after Next Digital’s price gyrations, 15 people were arrested on charges of manipulation.

They were said to have made 13,200 transactions involving 1.69 billion shares, accounting for 23.8 per cent of the stock’s total turnover between August 10 and 12. The shares in question were worth HK$1.5 billion (US$193.5 million).

The frenzy in the US has caused a ripple effect in other parts of the world. Shares of oversold gaming stocks in mainland China surged in recent days, while heavily shorted stocks in Australia, including a company with GME as its ticker symbol, jumped as much as 60 per cent, according to Bloomberg.

“Such a phenomenon can be excluded in China” because of the 10 per cent daily price cap, and regulators can easily suspend trading when early signals emerge, Ching said. Hong Kong may be different.

“If Hong Kong sets a daily cap like in the mainland, this kind of market craziness will not happen,” he added.

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: Chinese platforms caught in ‘nerds vs Wall Street’ battle
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