Now a leading nation, China must shed its ‘poor cousin’ persona

Daniel Wagner says Xi Jinping’s forceful speech at the party congress gives notice of the country’s arrival as a global power. It does not befit its status to receive aid as a developing country, nor play by its own rules in a world it seeks to lead

Xi Jinping

Daniel Wagner

Published: 9:15am, 21 Oct, 2017

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President Xi Jinping’s speech at the opening ceremony of the Communist Party’s 19th congress was certainly bold and impressive, stressing the country’s many achievements, and his belief that China is on the precipice of becoming a “great” global power.

Xi made it clear he no longer considers China to be a poor country but, of course, that has not been the case for some time. China lifted the vast majority of its citizens out of poverty decades ago, it has for decades amassed a staggering compilation of foreign exchange, and has become the world’s second-largest economy (soon to be the largest). That being the case, Xi’s declaration that China is not a poor country should have surprised no one.

Watch Xi Jinping’s marathon speech in 3 minutes

Time for China to have a bigger global say, Xi tells world

That said, the desire to claim China’s emerging status as a great power raises a whole host of questions that Xi and the Communist Party must address. For example, when will China (and the multilateral development banks) stop perpetuating the country’s status as a recipient of development assistance? That these banks continue to lend to China makes absolutely no sense, since China has more than sufficient financial resources to take care of its own needs. Its failure to do so takes much-needed funding away from genuinely poor countries that truly need the money.

By virtue of its global economic ranking, China should be a lender to – not a borrower of – precious development resources, and a country with China’s financial depth should also be devoting much more resources to foreign assistance than it does.

These issues are exemplary of China’s chosen “dual” role as both a developed country seeking to claim its rightful place among the world’s leading nations, and a developing nation that will continue to require more resources from other nations to become fully developed. In this regard, China can rightly be accused of wanting to have its cake and eat it, too – it wants to have the benefits of receiving the multilateral development assistance normally afforded to developing countries, while at the same time wanting to be able to flex its muscles in international fiscal and monetary affairs.

China has exhibited a similar dual role in global politics, pulling its weight at the United Nations and other international organisations and forming meaningful alliances with a plethora of countries. But it has done so largely by playing by its own set of rules, at times forming relationships with unsavoury regimes and exhibiting little concern for human rights along the way. In a sense, China has had the best of both worlds, being at once a back-room dealmaker and a friend to countries that have few allies, or are international pariahs.

Forget the hype about leading the world, China has to get its own house in order

Chinese peacekeepers in southern Lebanon watch on a screen the opening session of the 19th party congress on October 18. In global politics, China pulls its weight at the UN and other international organisations, but it has done so largely by playing by its own set of rules. Photo: Xinhua

Why China isn’t ready to be a global leader

Clearly, China cannot have it both ways indefinitely. Xi should be given credit for recognising this. But Beijing would be well advised to decide to fully embrace its “destiny” as a global superpower while discarding its “poor cousin” image, because it cannot be all things to all countries. Will it be a champion of international laws and norms, or a power that prefers to get things done its own way – adhering to those standards only when it is convenient?

Xi desires to craft a bold path into the future for China. It is the right time, and he is the right man to do it

China is naturally capable of getting to its desired finish line in its own way, but, ultimately, it would be far preferable if it were to become the global power that it strives to be as a full member of the global community of nations – one who plays by internationally accepted rules.

Xi obviously desires to craft a bold and definitive path into the future for China. It is the right time, and he is the right man to do it. The question is whether he will seek to emulate the well-worn path of playing a poor cousin while simultaneously striving to cement a global leadership role for Beijing. Given that Xi has fully consolidated his power and is the strongest leader China has seen since Mao Zedong, his moment of truth has come. Five years from now, it is likelier than not that China will indeed be leading the world in a variety of areas. It will do so more quickly and effectively if it sheds its “poor cousin” persona and decides to play by the same rules as everyone else.

Daniel Wagner is the founder of Country Risk Solutions, managing director of Risk Cooperative, and author of the new book Virtual Terror

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: China a ‘poor cousin’ no more

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