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Africa
Opinion

Why fears of China’s neocolonialism in Africa ring false in the face of numbers that tell a different tale

Chen Xi says the persistent narrative of a Chinese debt trap in Africa is rooted in the West’s fear of losing its colonial backyard and is not backed up by the data

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Chinese President Xi Jinping (left) shares a light moment with Botswana’s President Mokgweetsi Masisi before their talks at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on August 31. Photo: Xinhua
Chen Xi
The debate on China’s relations with Africa is back in the spotlight following this month’s Forum on China-Africa Cooperation. Many Western countries assume that most African nations will gradually fall into China’s neocolonial trap, citing the Belt and Road Initiative and the opening of the People’s Liberation Army’s first support base in Djibouti. Is this a self-fulfilling prophecy or just an imaginary fear? The answer may lie in the economic, security and historical exchanges between China and Africa.
For China, Africa is a natural partner with a shared future. When providing economic aid to many African nations, China has been found to help them build their own economic development frameworks. A McKinsey report in 2017 shows that Chinese projects in Africa have created several million jobs and, on average, 89 per cent of their employees were African. Meanwhile, more than 60 per cent of Chinese enterprises have provided skills training and over 30 per cent have conducted technology transfers to the local market.
Former US secretary of state Rex Tillerson called the growing economic aid that China offers African countries to support their development “predatory loan practices”. However, from 2000 to 2016, China’s loans to Africa accounted for only 1.8 per cent of the continent’s total debt and no African country claims to have been lured into a “debt trap” due to the cooperation with China.
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In fact, according to research conducted by Boston University and Johns Hopkins University, Chinese loans have been largely used to develop the continent’s poor infrastructure. About 40 per cent of the loans were utilised for power generation and transmission and 30 per cent flowed to upgrading its outdated transport facilities.

What’s more, China usually offers loans with relatively low interest rates and long repayment periods, and recently announced that some of Africa’s least-developed countries would be exempted from outstanding debt. Therefore, it is unfair to say that China may use sovereign debt as “cheap opium” to compel obedience from African countries.

Watch: China ploughs billions into Africa

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