As a new cold war dawns and the US pursues strategic competition with China, Beijing must reassess its own policies
- US opposition to China’s enactment of a national security law in Hong Kong is grounded in a larger strategy of opposing China on all fronts
- In response, China must exercise its right to safeguard national sovereignty, adhere to multilateralism and expand the reform and opening up process
If a foreign country can pass laws which apply extraterritorially and which interfere in China’s domestic affairs, why should China not pass laws which apply to its own territory? If, in doing so, China is accused of violating its international obligations, how should the legitimacy of the legislative actions of the United States be assessed?
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This new US policy towards China is both significant and symbolic. It marks the beginning of a strategic showdown with China at the level of US national policy, essentially announcing the onset of the new cold war with China.
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It is irrelevant to China’s critics that the implementation of a similar law in mainland China has guaranteed people’s freedom and prosperity, and provides the bedrock for the growth of modern cites, such as Shanghai and Shenzhen.
The US’ identity-based anti-China approach will be even more disastrous if applied to military activities. It would be hard to prevent a “whole-of-government” anti-China approach from influencing the military. Once opposing China becomes the political norm, there will an inevitable impact on frontline military operations, where military professionalism is called for in making decisions.
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Although theoretically this “whole-of-government” approach and all-front strategy to contain China will remain within the scope of a cold war, its application in the military domain increases the potential for a miscalculation of each other’s strategic intentions and more than doubles the risk of a military incident, confrontation or even real conflict.
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In sum, the US’ evaluation of China’s conduct is no longer based on any standards stipulated in international law or the values shared by the international community, but simply on opposing China.
Given that the US has changed its strategic policy towards China, China must reassess its own policy. One of China’s strategic assessments is that it is still in an “important period of strategic opportunity”. The core of this assessment is that peace and development remain the themes of the times.
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To maintain a strategic environment for peaceful development, China has always pursued a cautious, tolerant and conservative strategy in its diplomatic relations. In its relations with specific countries, whether big or small, China is also willing to stomach small losses, either economic or in security terms, to positively maintain this period of strategic opportunity.
However, it is now time for China to rethink its policy. Although peace and development remain the theme of the times, the strategic environment has changed. To accommodate the US stance of opposing whatever China does, China must adopt what I term “negatively maintaining” the important period of strategic opportunity.
Several elements could be pivots of this approach. First, since the US opposes China whatever it does, China should adopt a more active posture in its strategic competition with the US and resolutely exercise its right to safeguard national sovereignty and its development interests within the limits of international law.
Second, China should adhere to multilateralism and maintain a multilateral framework based on international rules. This is the starting point for developing relations with all countries.
The US imposed strategic competition on China. While China hopes the two countries will maintain the benign coexistence of cooperation and competition, exploring complementary interests to achieve win-win outcomes, since the US insists on making major changes, China must do the same.
Captain (Retired) Tian Shichen, a senior research fellow, is vice-president of the Grandview Institution and director of the Centre for International Law of Military Operations in Beijing. He is also a China Forum Expert
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