Opinion | Why continuing Merkel’s China approach is in Germany’s best interest

For the past 16 years, Germany’s China policy was primarily shaped by Chancellor Angela Merkel, which meant pragmatism was pivotal and Germany’s economic interest was paramount rather than ideological disparities. It was an approach of semi-realpolitik that, while not appreciated among all parties, served Germany well.

With Merkel’s imminent departure, however, Germany and Europe could witness a paradigm shift in China relations. Germany could once again champion US interests and move away from Merkel-esque pragmatism, potentially hurting German interests.

It is not yet certain whether Olaf Scholz or Armin Laschet will become Merkel’s successor. The good news is, as far as Sino-German relations are concerned, both have displayed a proclivity for continuing the Merkel course, rather than a reset, and appear to favour the conclusion of the currently suspended trade agreement between China and the European Union.

However, the situation is different with the Greens and Free Democratic Party (FDP), the parties that will inevitably become part of the new government. The Greens have already stated their desire to introduce “dialogue and toughness” with Beijing while continuously emphasising the systemic competition China presents. Western liberal values are at the forefront of this undertaking, as far as the Greens are concerned.

Moreover, both parties have expressed their desire to deepen the transatlantic relationship with Washington, meaning a greater emphasis and coordination with the United States as far as China is concerned.