“Sometimes, the outside temperature could be 35 degrees Celsius, but the pavement could be 45 degrees,” Ko says. He recommends feeling the ground with your hand to see how hot it is. If it is uncomfortable to touch it for more than a few seconds, it is probably too hot for your dog.

If your dog starts showing signs of heatstroke – excessive panting, walking slowly or refusing to walk at all – one thing to do is find a shaded place and use water to wet its paws. If your dog is small enough you could carry it. 

Whatever you do, don’t think dog boots will solve the problem. They might stop your dog’s paws from burning, but they will trap more of the heat, making it even harder for the dog to cool down.

“This is especially the case if you use rubber or plastic boots,” Ko says. “These are designed to be used for things like hiking, or for hunting dogs, where the paws could be scratched.”

Don’t automatically shave all your dog’s hair off

When it’s sweltering and your dog is sprawled across your  floor despite the fan being on its highest setting, it can be tempting to think it’s time to shave off its coat. However, this can be a bad idea.

First, dog skin burns much easier than human skin, and its coat protects them from UV rays and lowers the chance of skin cancer. It also protects them from bug bites which are more common in summer.

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Second, a dog’s coat can actually help cool air circulate underneath it. It is important, though, that the dog is well-groomed – and for double-coated dogs, that any shed undercoat is well brushed out. If a dog’s coat is shaved too short, the surrounding air will flow above and away from the skin, reducing the cooling effect. 

It is also possible that shaving could cause irreversible damage to the coat, a problem that depends on the breed. Pomeranians, for example, should never be shaved.

“We can cut a dog’s hair short, but must be careful not to shave it too much because all the protection will be gone,” Ko says. “Regular brushing and grooming is just as important. Matted and knotted hair will prevent the release of heat.”

Don’t swap hiking for the beach and think it’s OK

When summer hits, it’s time for the beach, right? For dog owners who love taking their pets out hiking with them in the colder months, it can be tempting to swap that activity for seemingly cooler alternatives like the beach or boat trips. The dogs will surely be happy too – some breeds, like Labradors and golden retrievers, just seem to love the water.

But such excursions can be just as dangerous as hot-weather hikes, as Ko explains.

“I heard of two golden retrievers recently who went out on a boat with their owners. They loved playing in the water, fetching toys – they were very happy. But after the trip, on their way back to the city, the two dogs died – they’d drunk too much of the salt water and died of dehydration.

“Because they swim, they’re also thirsty. So what do they do? Instinct – they drink seawater.”

Ko recommends giving dogs regular drinks of ordinary drinking water to keep them hydrated and less tempted to drink seawater. If the dog won’t stop, prevent them from going in the water.

Don’t ignore breed-specific dangers

Some breeds just weren’t built for extremely hot weather. Short-nosed dog breeds, for example, such as English and French bulldogs, pugs, and Pekinese have a much harder time cooling themselves because of their short nasal canals. The problem can be exacerbated by an abundance of energy.

“Some dogs like pugs have so much energy. They’re so eager to play and they play fast. That makes it very easy for them to overheat,” Ko says.

For dogs bred to survive in extremely cold temperatures – such as huskies and samoyeds – summer can also be quite dangerous, though it depends on how many generations they are removed from ancestors bred in their native lands.

“If they have been imported directly from their native countries, then it can be very dangerous,” Ko says. “But for dogs that have already been bred over several generations in hotter climates, there is less danger.”

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Ko recommends that owners of dogs not designed for hot temperatures be extra vigilant in the summer months. If they suspect their dog is getting too hot, find somewhere cool, take a rest and consider ending the walk.

Don’t let your dog off its leash so much

There are two reasons for this. First, after being cooped up at home, dogs can have a lot of energy to release. They just want to run around and play, and if they start to overheat they don’t know that they need to slow down. Owners need to be careful, and if they suspect their dog is going to get too hot, they should put them back on the leash and calm them down.

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Second, the hot and humid weather brings more ticks. Dogs left to freely run through long grass, undergrowth or hedges are at a higher risk of encountering the tiny critters.

“Especially in places like Sai Kung, you get a lot of ticks,” Ko says. “If you let them off the leash to play around, it is easy for them to encounter ticks and bring them home. But even in a built-up area like Happy Valley, I know people who have gone out for walks in the street and bought ticks home.”

A combination of a tick- and flea-control product such as Frontline, a flea collar and a tick spray will give your dog the best protection during summer. Regular brushing will also help to uncover any bugs that have caught a ride indoors.

Catch Eric Ko in Cesar Millan’s Cesar’s Recruit: Asia Season 2 showing on the National Geographic Channel starting May 9.