Worldwide protests back jailed Russian punk band Pussy Riot
Global support for jailed Russian punk trio taps into issues of freedom of expression, individuality and feminism, writesLaura Snapes
It's a Thursday night in the northern English city of Leeds and people are gathering outside the gay bar Queens Court for a march in support of Russian punk collective Pussy Riot. Maria Alyokhina, Yekaterina Samutsevich and Nadezhda Tolokonnikova are to be sentenced the following day, the culmination of their trial on charges of "hooliganism motivated by religious hatred". (For performing their 40-second "punk prayer" denouncing President Vladimir Putin in Moscow's Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in February, they will each receive two years in jail.) Meanwhile, this solidarity march is one of many taking place around the world.
Behind a sandwich board, a man changes into a Wonder Woman suit; luminous balaclavas are pulled on as a police video surveillance van lingers in a side road. A woman whose face is covered by a green scarf cries, "It's been so long since I've seen you masked up, darling", to a megaphone-brandishing woman with "moralising slut" written across her chest (a reference to Russian deputy prime minister Dmitry Rogozin, who called Madonna a moralising "slut" when she expressed support for Pussy Riot). "I know: since the f***ing '90s," says her friend, who turns out to be march organiser Mae Stephens.
There are less-seasoned protestors here, too, among them musicians who have been inspired by the Pussy Riot case. When the march is over and has dispersed to the pub, I ask Wakefield-born protest singer Louise Distras why the punk collective resonate with her. "Pussy Riot have inspired me by showing how we absolutely have to speak out against media portrayals of women as subordinates," she says, "and how it's very important for female artists to represent other women." For Distras, the Pussy Riot influence echoes the "riot grrrl" scene of the early 1990s, an underground feminist punk movement that originated in the US. Riot grrrl's central message has been much debated, but can perhaps best be summed up as a mission to engender communities of supportive, creative women.
Certainly, Pussy Riot's abrasive, energetic sound has much in common with that of the original riot grrrls Huggy Bear and Bikini Kill - although Bikini Kill frontwoman Kathleen Hanna has recently cautioned against too literal a reboot of the term. ("Who wants to restart something that's 20 years old?" she told website Pitchfork. "This could be a part of a lot of people starting their own f***ing thing.")
London feminist choir Gaggle are another group who have much in common with Pussy Riot: both are shape-shifting collectives of intelligent women spreading messages of protest and social awareness, often while wearing brightly coloured capes. I ask Gaggle's founder, Deborah Coughlin, if she thinks the trial has started something new. "Riot grrrl still exists, but it's not the holy covenant of feminist music," she says. "In fact if anything, I find it restrictive. It's not fundamentally important that Pussy Riot are musicians, but it is important that we learn from their ideas. They are a living illustration of what needs to change in their country, because we can see them suffering for it."
Leah Pritchard, singer and guitarist of Bristol band Empty Pools, has been donating money from sales of her solo material to Pussy Riot's legal fund via the website Bandcamp. Pritchard explains how Pussy Riot are redefining the idea of "honest" artistic expression, something taken for granted in the West.
She quotes from Alyokhina's closing statement to the Moscow courtroom, which in turn quoted from Russian dissident Vladimir Bukovsky: "How unfortunate is the country where simple honesty is understood, in the best case, as heroism. And in the worst case as a mental disorder." It shows how little has changed in Russia since the early 1970s, when Bukovsky wrote this.
In Australia, the underground music umbrella My Sydney Riot (named before the Russians became famous) have put together a successful fund-raising compilation in aid of Pussy Riot. Founder Ray Lalota says he started My Sydney Riot out of frustration with an oligarchic music industry.
"Triple J is an Australian, government-funded, national radio station which gives exposure to a few lucky bands," Lalota says. "They dictate how the industry works here. Festival bookers pick bands that are getting national airplay, meaning a lot of independent bands can't participate, creating a massive gap in the quality of music heard here. To not be allowed to express your art is heartbreaking - but in Pussy Riot's case, they are fighting for life itself. I've seen new faces at shows and speaking out - we're all discovering the cultural similarities between Australians and Russians."
As with any potent symbol of rebellion, there is a risk that the industry will co-opt Pussy Riot's message in order to make a buck. (There will be a lot of mass-produced posters of the jailed three lining student walls this autumn.) Neil Hanson, frontman of Leeds punk band Kleine Schweine, is worried their energy and image will be appropriated. "There's always the fear that the knock-on effect could be loads of new bands who think that wearing masks and shouting 'F***the system' is a route to fame."
Pussy Riot's global profile is, of course, an A&R representative's dream. But it's unlikely Alyokhina, Samutsevich and Tolokonnikova will be signing on any dotted label lines come their eventual release.
Will their trial start a Russian punk movement? This seems unlikely. Music journalist Alex Hoban, who has reported from Russia for magazine, sees no signs of copycat behaviour. "The Russian 'alternative' [scene] is marked, sadly, by its complete apathy towards anything other than looking cool," he says. "The mainstream right are so vocal and overbearing - after the surge of enthusiasm during the Putin protests earlier in the year, things have quietened down."
Hoban is echoed by Brooklyn psychedelic band (and sisters) Prince Rama, who recently played Moscow; they say the conversation there was less about Pussy Riot, more about "Ariel Pink and McDonald's".
Music critic Everett True sees in Pussy Riot an opportunity to challenge the male-centric music industry. E-mailing from his home in Australia, he writes: "It's no coincidence that it's taken women to effect any major change within the poisoned citadel that is rock'n'roll in 2012. Men are such a devalued currency, as Putin and his humourless, protectionist cronies prove." He has a point: Pussy Riot have made feminism a vital part of the musical conversation in a year that saw the pan Gaggle's debut album on the grounds that its members were likely to be open about their menstrual cycles and own books by Germaine Greer.
Back in Leeds, Distras is unequivocal about whether the Pussy Riot effect can rid the music industry of the prejudice she regularly encounters. (At Blackpool's Rebellion punk festival last month, male performers asked if burlesque dancing was part of her act, she says.) "This is a really good opportunity for people to blow sexism in music and beyond wide open," she says.
"A lot of people think Pussy Riot is a women's issue. [But] Pussy Riot is the little girl who goes to school and gets told she's a worthless dyke because she's more interested in books than boys. Pussy Riot is the little boy who goes to school and is told to man up when he expresses his emotions. I definitely don't think this is the end of everything. I think it's only the beginning."
