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Should all heart attack patients take beta-blockers? Studies reveal contradictory results

While trials show beta-blockers help patients with impaired heart function, the impact on those with normally functioning hearts is unclear

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Beta-blockers reduce the combined risk of another heart attack, heart failure, or death in patients without heart failure, but with mildly impaired heart function, two studies found. The impact on those with normally functioning hearts, however, is unclear. Photo: Shutterstock
Reuters

A decades-old pill remains helpful for heart attack patients even with modern treatments that can prevent lasting damage to the heart muscle, two large trials have shown.

Still unclear is whether all patients, or only some, benefit from so-called beta-blocker drugs. Used by millions of people worldwide to treat various cardiovascular problems, they are typically prescribed to everyone after a heart attack.

Two contradictory reports were presented at a cardiology meeting in Madrid, Spain, late last month and published in The New England Journal of Medicine.

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“It is not unusual for trials to yield different results,” said Dr Borja Ibanez of Spain’s National Centre for Cardiovascular Research in Madrid, who led one of the trials.

“Somewhat uncommon is to see two trials with apparently divergent findings presented on the same day.”

Dr Borja Ibanez led one of the trials. Photo: CNIC
Dr Borja Ibanez led one of the trials. Photo: CNIC

Most important, Ibanez said, is the finding both teams agree on, which is that beta-blockers reduce the combined risk of another heart attack, heart failure or death in patients without heart failure, but with mildly impaired heart function.

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