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Then & Now | Think interns have it hard? Try being a Hong Kong apprentice a century ago

Today’s unpaid internships might feel like slave labour but Hong Kong’s early apprentices had it worse, writes Jason Wordie

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An unpaid internship today can open the door to a plum job. Photo: AFP
An unpaid internship today can open the door to a plum job. Photo: AFP

In the days before technical colleges and vocational training institutions, how did Hong Kong’s young people acquire marketable job skills? Many young men started on-the-job apprenticeships at the age of 12 to 14. They ate with the other workers, slept in the business premises at night and had only a few days off each year. Depending on the nature of the trade, apprenticeships could last up to a decade, during which time an apprentice’s job consumed his entire waking life. Employers and co-workers became his pseudofamily, with these relationships implied in terms of rivalries and friendships, alliances and feuds.

Mui tsai, or girl servants, were once a common part of Chinese life.
Mui tsai, or girl servants, were once a common part of Chinese life.

Domestic servants started out in much the same way. A young woman would be introduced into a prospective household by someone already working there and – in return for room and board, clothing and a very modest allowance – would learn the ropes. As well as acquiring skills, a prospective domestic worker would gain a solid idea of what her future entailed. After a year or so, she would either progress to being a properly paid member of the household or, more likely, move on to a new employer. The “makee-learn” amah – and her various trials and errors – was a long-established China coast figure, and features vividly in many period memoirs.

Apprentices of the Kowloon Motor Bus attending an apprenticeship contract-signing ceremony at a Kowloon Motor Bus depot.
Apprentices of the Kowloon Motor Bus attending an apprenticeship contract-signing ceremony at a Kowloon Motor Bus depot.

Becoming an assistant to a successful small-business man could be very profitable, however. More than a few “self-made” Hong Kong Chinese tycoons started life as promising assistants in prosperous small businesses and subsequently – through luck or design – married the boss’ daughter. It was a way of keeping talent in the family circle, rather than allowing it to become unwelcome competition later on. Budding tycoons found their father-in-law’s capital and connections provided access to far more lucrative business undertakings, and the rest – as they say – is history. For “face” reasons, just where various now-aged plutocrats got their starts in life is usually airbrushed from polite conversation.

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