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What goes into Hong Kong’s landmark M+ Facade: from the tech allowing Pipilotti Rist to create images in real time, to Yang Fudong’s ‘architectural film’ for this year’s Art Basel

The M+ Facade and museum in the West Kowloon Cultural District, framed on the right-hand side by Hong Kong’s tallest building, the International Commerce Centre. Photo: Shutterstock
In Hong Kong, watching a film from a mile away has become another new normal. That’s all thanks to the M+ Facade, which has been in almost continuous operation since opening in October 2021.

One of the most striking additions to the Hong Kong skyline, the M+ Facade measures a whopping 110 metres across, and is optimised to be visible from various angles and distances and under various lighting conditions. This means the screen is pretty hard to miss from virtually any point on the northern shoreline of Hong Kong Island, and even from many parts of Kowloon. These were among the reasons it was named best animated media architecture project at last year’s Media Architecture Awards – which recognise “the world’s best projects at the intersection of architecture, urban design and planning, media and interaction design, and urban media art”.

Sparrow on the Sea, artist Yang Fudong’s black and white “architectural film”, is being screened on the M+ Facade through June 9. Photo: Handout
At the last two editions of Art Basel, M+ pulled out all the stops with its giant artistic canvas of light – and this year is no exception, with the presentation of Yang Fudong’s black and white “architectural film” Sparrow on the Sea, co-commissioned by M+ and Art Basel. Set in Hong Kong and drawing inspiration from the city’s classic cinema of the 70s through the 90s, Yang has interwoven scenes in settings ranging from bucolic seaside villages to gritty nocturnal cityscapes, referencing visual motifs and textures bound to evoke nostalgia in local audiences of a certain age.

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“Yang Fudong is renowned for his enigmatic visuals and dynamic explorations of space and time in film,” said M+ curator of moving image, Ulanda Blair. “When we approached him to make a site-specific moving image work for the M+ Facade, he was immediately inspired by the physicality of the building and its highly public urban context.

Chinese contemporary artist Yang Fudong’s preferred media are film and photography. Photo: Handout

“He set out to create an ‘architectural film’ that interacts with the environment of the facade, while still embodying the distinctive visual language for which he is known.”

One thing is missing though: despite being commissioned for the space, Yang’s original work includes a soundtrack – one that was only heard at a handful of cinema screenings, last month. Otherwise, “The city’s ambient sounds become the soundtrack of the work,” said the artist.

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A still from Yang Fudong’s Sparrow on the Sea. Photo: Handout

How was the M+ Facade designed?

M+’s connections with Basel, Switzerland, run deeper than you might expect. The rows of terracotta mullions – the vertical bars between window panes – on the museum’s cladding were designed by Basel-based architecture firm Herzog & de Meuron (HdM). Serving as sun-shading louvres for the structure’s interiors, the angled slats also feature grooves for insetting the LED lights that comprise the screen. And when it came to designing the M+ Facade, HdM tapped Valentin Spiess, founder of Basel-based media architecture studio IArt.

In an interview with the online M+ Magazine, Spiess explained that it was necessary to “find solutions to apply a digital layer into the physical layer, to integrate the screen into the architecture and the grooves of the building”.

Pipilotti Rist used a system for recording and outputting works generated in real time to present Hand Me Your Trust on the M+ Facade in 2023. Photo: Handout

IArt used models and simulations to understand the effects on the facade of light emitted by the M+ building and the wider city. The studio’s solution was “a hybrid low-contrast and high-contrast system that projects and creates depth and texture on screen”. Images are displayed with the lowest power consumption possible under prevailing environmental conditions. “The hybrid system controls the aesthetics of the facade and compensates for the gaps between the LEDs that generate a halo effect,” added Spiess.

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How are works presented on the M+ Facade?

You might assume that all the M+ Facade’s art pieces are pre-recorded – but you would be wrong. Ahead of Swiss video artist Pipilotti Rist’s M+ Facade presentation, Hand Me Your Trust – coinciding with last year’s Art Basel – IArt developed a system for recording and outputting works generated in real time. Andrew Crowe and Ashley Lee Wong of Hong Kong-based digital studio MetaObjects – who also serve as M+’s creative technologists – worked with Rist to establish a system for her to work in real time using IArt’s playback technology.
Pipilotti Rist’s Hand Me Your Trust on the M+ Facade, 2023. Photo: Handout

Hand Me Your Trust is created with this illusion of 3D depth,” Wong told M+ Magazine. “The images don’t extend to the borders, creating a work that looks almost as if it’s floating in the sky.”

Indeed, the work’s various disembodied hands in perpetual motion appear like independent creatures in their own right. Hands open to reveal hands opening, revealing more hands opening … to infinity – resembling both a flower blooming and sea anemone. In the artist’s words, “My work looks at hands not only as working and creating, but also ornamentally: our hands can be beautiful extensions of our emotions – to communicate with other living beings without words.”

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For The Shape of Light, screened on the M+ Facade in 2022, Ellen Pau’s creation process incorporated light interference from the M+ building and the wider city. Photo: Handout
Communication without words was also consummately achieved at Art Basel 2022 – the first since the opening of the M+ museum – when viewers were treated to Hong Kong artist and curator Ellen Pau’s The Shape of Light glittering across the harbour. In this minimal and moving work, a figure in silhouette uses sign language to deliver the message of the popular Mahayana Buddhism scripture, the Heart Sutra: “Form is emptiness, emptiness is form.”

In this case, the artist chose to embrace the light interference coming from the M+ building and the wider city. “Pau experimented with the way her pixels would interact with the visual noise … creating images that would dance with the ambient light,” said Blair at the time.

Ellen Pau’s The Shape of Light on the M+ Facade, 2022. Photo: Handout

When can the current M+ Facade show be seen?

As in the last two years, the film co-commissioned by M+ and Art Basel is being shown from 7pm to 9pm daily. For anyone spending time around the fragrant harbour this spring, it will be hard to miss, beaming out at the same time every night until June 9, before the next quarterly work is unveiled.

So what will be brightening up our night skies next? “Following Sparrow on the Sea, we will present a digital interactive work that connects the interior of the museum with the M+ Facade and the streets of Hong Kong,” said Blair. “In the autumn, we will present a live-action film shot in the Pearl River Delta and Greater Bay Area, as well as Yunnan.”

  • Visible from kilometres away, M+ museum’s massive LED screen has been beaming films out across Victoria Harbour since 2021 – the latest offering is Sparrow on the Sea, a black and white work by Chinese artist Yang Fudong
  • Last year’s Art Week offering saw Swiss artist Pipilotti Rist working in real time, while Ellen Pau’s 2022 film was created with light interference from the M+ building and the wider city in mind