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Coronavirus: India’s worst-case scenario is two in 10 people infected but most cases would be mild

  • US-based expert Ramanan Laxminarayan originally said his model showed six in 10 of the population or 800 million people could get the Covid-19 illness but revised his projections in light of new measures being taken
  • The actual outcome depends on whether India’s transmission pattern will be similar to the grim situation in Italy and Iran

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People wearing face masks as a preventive measure against the Covid-19 novel coronavirus walk past closed shops in a market area in New Delhi on March 23, 2020. Photo: AFP
A leading public health expert who earlier warned that India’s worst-case coronavirus scenario could see 60 per cent of its 1.35 billion population, or 800 million people, getting infected has revised this to a lower figure given that measures such as lockdowns in several states are being put in place.

Dr Ramanan Laxminarayan, director of the US-based Centre for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policy, said he had revised his worst-case scenario figures to a 20 per cent infection rate or 300 million patients. He maintained the overwhelming majority of these infections would be “extremely mild”.

“This modelling is based on how transmissible the virus would be in India. If it’s as transmissible as in Italy and Iran, we’re looking at the 60 per cent mark. If it’s as transmissible as in some other countries, we’re looking at 20 per cent,” cautioned Laxminarayan, who said India is in no different a position than the US or the UK, where similar grim projections have been made.

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Ramanan Laxminarayan, director of the US-based Centre for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policy.
Ramanan Laxminarayan, director of the US-based Centre for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policy.

But for India – where people live in jam-packed cities and commute in heavily crowded public transport with little to no understanding of social distancing – having 300 million people ill, with six to eight million requiring intensive medical treatment, would strain its healthcare system.

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Up until Sunday, March 22 – the day of a nationwide curfew – India had 359 confirmed cases and seven deaths, and on Monday confirmed cases rose to 415. But health experts outside the government unanimously agreed that the real number is significantly higher due to a lack of widespread testing. Authorities said this was necessary to prevent mass panic and to conserve test kits.
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