India ‘a great power’, says Russia’s Putin at New Delhi summit as defence deals signed
- The Russian leader arrived in New Delhi on Monday to bolster military and energy ties with long-time ‘special privileged strategic partner’ India
- It is only Putin’s second trip abroad since the pandemic began after a June summit with US President Joe Biden
India confirmed that Russia this month began deliveries of its long-range S-400 ground-to-air missile defence system, which has prompted threats of US sanctions.
Russia has long been a key arms supplier to India, which is looking to modernise its armed forces, and the S-400 missile system is one of their most high-profile current contracts.
“Supplies have begun this month and will continue,” Indian foreign secretary Harsh Vardhan Shringla said after the summit.
The deal is worth over US$5 billion and was first signed in 2018, but it threatens to upend the burgeoning relationship between New Delhi and Washington.
The United States has warned of sanctions under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA), which is aimed at reining in Russia, and the State Department said last week that no decisions had been made on any waivers for India.
“Our Indian friends clearly explained that they are a sovereign country and that they will decide whose weapons to buy and who will be India’s partner,” Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters on Monday.
India was close to the Soviet Union during the Cold War, a relationship that has endured, with both calling it a “special privileged strategic partnership”.
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Putin’s visit was “hugely symbolic”, said Nandan Unnikrishnan from the New Delhi-based Observer Research Foundation think tank.
“There has been a lot of speculation about the nature of the India-Russia relationship and whether it is fraying because of Russia’s closeness with China and India’s with the US, but this visit puts all that to rest.”
“Russia’s influence in the region is very limited,” said Tatiana Belousova of OP Jindal Global University in Haryana, “mostly because of its close ties with China and unwillingness to act in dissonance with the Chinese regional interests”.
Talks were dominated by defence and energy issues, with the boss of Russian energy giant Rosneft, Igor Sechin, also attending as a “number of important energy agreements” were on the table.
Rosneft said in a statement it will supply of up to two million tonnes of oil to India through the Black Sea port city of Novorossiysk in southern Russia.
New Delhi has long sought to diversify its military imports but analysts believe it could take some time before it moves away from Russia.
The 10-year defence agreement signed on Monday showed both the strength of its ties with Russia “and the difficult path India has to traverse to diversify its arms suppliers and develop its indigenous production capacity”, Unnikrishnan said.
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India is also keen to increase domestic production and has launched a joint venture with Russia to manufacture AK-203 assault rifles.
Kalashnikov Concern said Monday that it had agreed on a contract to supply more than 600,000 AK-203 assault rifles manufactured in India for the Indian defence ministry.
“We are ready to start production of modern AK-203s … within the next few months,” said general director Vladimir Lepin.
India and Russia normally hold annual summits, but the leaders’ last in-person meeting was on the sidelines of the 2019 BRICS Summit in Brazil.
Putin’s visit “reiterated the importance of this moment when a new order is evolving and that together they have a better chance of shaping it”, said Samir Saran of the Observer Research Foundation.
The two countries’ foreign and defence ministers held talks on Monday ahead of Putin’s arrival.
Moscow and New Delhi hold “identical or near-identical positions on the most important global and security issues”, said Russian foreign minister Sergei Lavrov.