Wickremesinghe, who took office two weeks ago, warned inflation would rise as the government gets down to tackling the crisis, and there could be more protests.

He said he hoped any unrest would not get out of hand, adding that funds would be made available to help the most vulnerable of the country’s 22 million people.

As Sri Lanka falls into default, what’s next for the Rajapaksa family?

“Looking at the hard days ahead, there has to be protest. It’s natural when people suffer, they must protest,” Wickremesinghe said in an interview at the colonial-era prime minister’s office in the commercial capital Colombo.

“But we want to ensure that it does not destabilise the political system.

“With the interim budget, it is just about cutting down expenditure, cutting to the bone where possible and transferring it to welfare.”

The country located off India’s southern tip is reeling from its worst economic crisis since independence in 1948, as a shortage of foreign currency severely curtailed imports of essentials including fuel and medicine, triggering months of unprecedented protests.

Without an IMF bailout, Sri Lanka faces ‘collapse beyond redemption’

Much of the public ire has been targeted at President Gotabaya Rajapaksa and his family, whom protesters blame for mishandling the economy.

The roots of the current crisis also lie in the Covid-19 pandemic, which devastated the country’s lucrative tourism industry and sapped foreign workers’ remittances, and populist tax cuts enacted by the Rajapaksa administration that drained government income.

“We have no rupee revenue, and now we have to print another [one] trillion rupees (US$2.7 billion),” Wickremesinghe said, warning that annual inflation could rocket past 40 per cent in coming months, putting further pressure on Sri Lankan households already grappling with high prices.

Inflation rose to a record 33.8 per cent year-on-year in April, compared to 21.5 per cent in March, according to government data released on Monday.

Earlier on Tuesday, the government announced long-flagged increases in petrol and diesel prices to help repair public finances.

Economists have said the increases are necessary but will exacerbate inflation. They have also raised concerns that printing money will add to inflationary pressures.

To find money for supporting relief measures, Wickremesinghe said his administration was undertaking a review of possible expenditure cuts across the country’s bloated government sector.

“For instance, ministry of health, we just can’t cut down its expenditure. Ministry of education, it’s a limited cut down, but there are many other ministries where we can cut,” he said.

A concrete plan to put public finances back on track is likely to be a part of Sri Lanka’s ongoing negotiations with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for a loan package.

On negotiations with the IMF, Wickremesinghe said he hoped for a “sustainable loan package” from the international lender, while undertaking structural reforms that would draw new investments into the country.

Wickremesinghe is part of a new cabinet of ministers that is taking shape after President Rajapaksa’s elder brother, Mahinda, resigned as prime minister earlier this month.

‘Weeks, if not days’: Sri Lanka on brink of catastrophic number of deaths

The resignation came hours after clashes between government supporters and protesters in Colombo sparked a bout of nationwide violence that left nine people dead and about 300 injured.

Worried about food shortages from August onwards, partly due to a disastrous decision last year to stop importing chemical fertilisers that slashed productivity, Sri Lanka is also banking on foreign aid from allies and multilateral agencies to shore up supplies of staples, Wickremesinghe said.

“We will have to look at some help from our friends abroad to ensure there’s sufficient food,” he said, “We will require more rice.”

Meanwhile, the World Bank on Tuesday said it is not planning to provide any new financing to cash-strapped Sri Lanka until an adequate economic policy framework has been put in place.

Sri Lanka prays for rain as it runs out of fossil fuels to generate power

In a statement, the multilateral development bank said it was repurposing resources from previously approved projects to help the Sri Lankan government pay for some essential medicines, temporary cash transfers for poor and vulnerable households, and other support.

It said recent media reports had inaccurately stated that the World Bank planned to provide Sri Lanka with a new bridging loan or other loan commitments.

India, which has long jostled with China for influence over the strategically-located island, has been a bulwark of assistance for Sri Lanka in recent months, providing food, fuel, medicines and financial support.

Wickremesinghe said he is likely to meet China’s ambassador to Sri Lanka next week, seeking fertiliser and medicines from Beijing.

“We’d like to see what’s available,” he said, “We know we need fertiliser. I would focus on that.”