“They stress that the EU shares many of the concerns raised by the citizens of Hong Kong, since the bill has far-reaching consequences for the territory and its people, for the EU and for foreign citizens, as well as for business confidence in Hong Kong,” the statement said.

As the parliamentary discussions were under way, China’s foreign ministry issued a statement of its own in which it accused the politicians behind the motion of hypocrisy.

“The motion ignores the facts and confuses right from wrong,” the ministry’s commissioner’s office in Hong Kong said in a statement.

“It is full of ignorance, prejudice and double standard hypocrisy. It is pointing fingers and making orders at the SAR [special administrative region] government and the central government’s Hong Kong policies. Their ignorance and attitude have left people speechless with astonishment and horror,” it said.

“The Chinese side strongly condemns this and expresses its strong dissatisfaction and resolute opposition.”

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The cross-party, multinational motion “strongly condemns the constant and increasing interference by China in Hong Kong’s internal affairs, as well as the recent assertion by China that the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984 is a historic document and hence is no longer valid”.

Amid reports that Germany and Britain were considering suspending arms sales to the Hong Kong police, the European Parliament’s motion “calls for the EU, its member states and the international community to work towards the imposition of appropriate export control mechanisms to deny China, and in particular Hong Kong, access to technologies used to violate basic rights”.

But the commissioner’s office said the European politicians had “turned a blind eye to the horrendous and violent acts” carried out in Hong Kong.

“Do these parliament members have no sense of what’s right and wrong. Do they have minimum moral conscience, and do they have the basic concept of the rule of law?”

The office said the motion had smeared the “one country, two systems” formula that allows Hong Kong to govern itself but remain part of a single China.

“It reverses black and white, with ulterior motives,” it said.

Eve Geddie, director of the European institutions office at Amnesty International, said: “EU member states must now immediately suspend all exports of less lethal crowd control equipment – such as tear gas and rubber bullets – that risk being used unlawfully to threaten legitimate protests.”

China’s foreign ministry spokesman Lu Kang said Hong Kong was a matter of internal affairs and outside parties should not interfere.

“I call on relevant parties not to support violent acts that disturb the order of Hong Kong, or violent criminals,” he said.

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Among the motion’s most high-profile signatories were European Parliament vice-president Fabio Massimo Castaldo; the chairman of its foreign affairs committee, David McAllister; Lithuania’s ex-prime minister Andrius Kubilius; and former European Commission vice-president Andrus Ansip.

While the resolution is non-binding, observers said it could influence EU foreign policy.

“While European institutions are not obliged to follow the resolution, they often give serious consideration to the European Parliament’s proposals, and may decide to take action on the basis of the recommendations put forward,” said Sandra Marco Colino, an assistant professor of law at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

“The European Parliament frequently passes resolutions when there is a particularly worrying problem, with the aim of stating a joint position and putting forward some suggestions for resolving the controversy,” she said.

Additional reporting by Keegan Elmer