The US and Chinese militaries have concluded two days of high-level talks, with China calling on the US to resolve “serious issues” to improve defence ties. The talks were held by video conference on Tuesday and Wednesday, and involved Michael Chase, US deputy assistant secretary of defence for China, and Huang Xueping, deputy director for the Chinese military’s Office for International Military Cooperation. They are the second round of high-level defence discussions since Joe Biden entered the White House. Chinese defence ministry spokesman Wu Qian said on Thursday that Beijing welcomed communication with China, but that the US had to take steps to resolve issues caused by its “continuous provocations and suppression of China”. “The military relationship has faced many difficulties and challenges, but our militaries have maintained communication throughout,” Wu said. “But the US has serious issues with its self-awareness, its perception of China and in its understanding of the world today, which is the root cause of the difficulties in the relationship between our militaries. “We hope that the US can find the courage to correct its mistakes, and to work with China to answer the critical question of how to properly manage China-US relations.” The US Department of Defence said that the meeting was part of the Biden administration’s efforts to “responsibly manage the competition” between the two countries by “maintaining open lines of communication” with China. “During the talks, the two sides held a frank, in-depth and open discussion on a range of issues affecting the US-[China] defence relationship,” the department said. “Both sides reaffirmed consensus to keep communication channels open.” The discussions came two weeks after the US announced a new military partnership with Britain and Australia in the Indo-Pacific region, which the Chinese government warned would increase risks of an arms race and a new cold war. Previous talks between Chase and Huang, in mid-August – the first call between the militaries since Biden took office in January – tackled critical issues such as the tumult in Afghanistan . The US said the call in August focused on “preventing and managing crisis and risk”, and Chase had reaffirmed US commitments to its allies in the Indo-Pacific. A Chinese source said in August that China had maintained mid-level military communication with the US through the defence attaché at the US embassy in Beijing, and that the crisis in Afghanistan had been one of the “most urgent issues of risk management” that had to be discussed. ‘We’ll meet you in the sky’: Chinese air force commander challenges US military goal to ‘scare China’ The talks resumed after Kurt Campbell, the White House’s most senior official on Asia, said military hotlines between the two sides had been ringing “kind of endlessly in empty rooms”, and that there were concerns about effective procedures with China to head off miscalculations or concerns about incidents and accidents. “For a host of reasons, the Chinese have been reluctant to engage deeply in these efforts,” he told The Guardian in May. “They fear that by establishing these mechanisms, they give credence and legitimacy to American military exercises and operations near their borders and they don’t want to do that.” Top US military official defends phone calls to Chinese counterpart made during final days of Trump presidency A Pentagon task force has been created to evaluate US military strategies and operations towards China, but there is still considerable uncertainty around his administration’s policy approach towards what Biden termed the US’ “most serious competitor”. US Defence Secretary Lloyd Austin has yet to speak to his Chinese counterpart, with Beijing reportedly rejecting US requests for him to meet Xu Qiliang, vice-chairman of the Central Military Commission. Xu is higher in the Chinese hierarchy than Austin’s nominal opposite number, Defence Minister General Wei Fenghe. Austin travelled to Southeast Asia in July, stressing the need for the US to counter Chinese claims to most of the South China Sea and shoring up relations with allies such as the Philippines. Beijing responded by saying Washington was serving its “selfish geopolitical gains” to “make an issue out of China at every turn”. Relations between the powers have remained strained in recent months, including over Taiwan and the South China Sea , but there have been extensions of goodwill from the US side, including two visits to China by John Kerry, the US’ special climate envoy. China fears Aukus is a ‘weapons grade’ loophole for non-nuclear Australia Tang Xiaoyang, an international relations professor at Tsinghua University, said Biden was seeking a channel with China to help avoid unexpected incidents – a clear contrast from the more random style of his predecessor Donald Trump. Although the specifics of the call were not revealed, the Aukus partnership would have been a key item to discuss, he said. “We are seeing that the Biden government’s China policy is slowly being formed,” he said. “But the US military’s competitive posture towards China has not been relaxed, so these talks are more about taking another step towards establishing this communication mechanism.” Additional reporting by Rachel Zhang