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China-Middle East relations
ChinaDiplomacy

As support for ‘two-state solution’ grows, what role will China play in Israeli-Palestinian peace process?

  • Beijing is long-time proponent of plan for independent Palestine to coexist with Israel – an idea that has seen renewed enthusiasm in the West
  • While China’s influence is rising in Middle East, analysts are divided on whether it has leverage to become key player in peace process alongside US

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Illustration: Henry Wong
Zhao Ziwen

Chinese President Xi Jinping said last month that a “two-state solution” was the fundamental way out from “the cycle of conflicts” between Israel and Palestinians.

Xi’s remarks, made during an online Brics summit on the Israel-Gaza war last month, reiterated China’s long-held position that Palestine should become an independent state, and its people should enjoy the right of “nationhood, life and return”.
As the war, which has already claimed the lives of more than 14,000 people, entered its second month, more Western leaders voiced support for a “two-state solution” including US President Joe Biden, French President Emmanuel Macron and British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak.
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“I’ve made it clear to the Israelis … the only ultimate answer here is a two-state solution,” Biden said during a press conference after meeting Xi in San Francisco in November.

Diplomatic observers said the renewed support for a two-state solution showed that attempts to maintain the status quo in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict had fallen apart. But they said it was not yet clear whether Beijing – a rising power broker in the Middle East and a long-time proponent of a two-state solution – could play a central role in the peace process.

John Calabrese, a senior fellow at the Washington-based Middle East Institute and an associate professor at American University, said that a “two-state solution” appeared to be the “default option” for Israel and Palestine.

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