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Clear skies over Beijing’s central business district on July 28. Photo: Reuters

‘Airpocalypse’ over? Beijing breathes easier as clean air drive pays off, US embassy smog readings suggest

The capital’s monthly pollution readings point to rapid improvement in the past year since authorities clamped down on coal use

Beijing residents have been breathing some of their cleanest air in a decade as they begin to reap the benefits of China’s anti-smog push.

Of the seven lowest monthly pollution readings in the capital since 2008, five have been recorded since the start of last summer, according to data gathered by the US embassy in Beijing.

That is when Chinese officials ramped up enforcement of policies restricting coal burning in Beijing and surrounding areas.

July pollution levels averaged 44 micrograms of airborne particles per cubic metre, the seventh lowest since recordings began in 2008.

The improved air quality underscores how rapidly China is attacking the smog problem that created Beijing’s “airpocalypse” in 2013, when the tiny particles peaked at 35 times the World Health Organisation’s recommended limit.

Since President Xi Jinping made fighting air pollution one of the country’s main priorities, millions of northern businesses and families have been forced to switch from coal to cleaner-burning natural gas for industrial power and home heating.

“China has made a very clear pledge to ‘bring back the blue skies’,” said Sydney-based Tim Buckley, director of energy finance studies at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis.

“Hardly a week goes by when China doesn’t bring in a new regulation or policy to further this commitment.”

The rest of the world is paying for Beijing’s cleaner air. China’s skyrocketing gas use has made it the world’s top importer of the fuel and helped raise global liquefied natural gas prices last winter to the highest since 2014.

Production cuts and capacity curbs to reduce pollution from steel mills have helped steel rebar futures rebound to their highest price since 2013.

But there is still a long way to go and the cost to shift the country’s energy mix to cleaner fuels is rising.

China was seeking to lower the amount of energy it got from coal to 58 per cent by 2020, from about 60 per cent now, through substituting natural gas for home heating, and industrial boilers and nuclear reactors for coal power plants, Jefferies Group analyst Laban Yu said in a research note last month.

Tariffs introduced by China in retaliation to those of US President Donald Trump might raise energy import costs.

Chinese policymakers have taken aim at US LNG imports, including it on a list of goods that could be hit with a 25 per cent duty, signalling Xi may be willing to suffer some pain to avoid backing down from the escalating trade dispute with Trump.

China’s rapid industrialisation and subsequent environmental degradation follows a path forged by Western countries – Charles Dickens described the “smoke lowering down from chimney-pots, making a soft black drizzle” in 19th-century London.

But its rapid clean-up could outpace that of the likes of London, according to Jiang Kejun, a researcher at the Energy Research Institute under China’s National Development & Reform Commission.

“Our technology is better than that in old smoggy London, so it’s likely that China may go faster in curbing air pollution,” Jiang said.

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: Capital enjoys the bluest skies in a decade as turn to natural gas pays off
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