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Explainer | What is China’s Tianwen-1 Mars mission?

  • China’s space scientists have completed a rare feat by landing a rover on the red planet
  • The mission is part of a bigger programme to explore worlds beyond Earth

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The Tianwen-1 Mars probe lifts off from the Wenchang Space Launch Centre in Hainan province on July 23 last year. Photo: Xinhua

The landing of the Zhu Rong rover on Mars is a milestone for China’s space programme, signalling advances in the country’s technology. China is the third country to achieve such a feat.

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What is the Tianwen programme?

The Tianwen-1 probe carrying the Zhu Rong rover lifted off from a launchpad in the southern province of Hainan on July 23 last year. On February 10, the probe went into orbit around Mars, becoming the first Chinese satellite to do so. It spent the next three months or so circling the red planet in the lead-up to Saturday’s landing. The China National Space Administration said the goal of the Tianwen programme was to explore the surface and geology of the planet as well as its magnetic field, soil composition and atmosphere.

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China Mars rover Zhu Rong successfully lands on red planet

China Mars rover Zhu Rong successfully lands on red planet

What is the next stage for the rover?

The rover is expected to spend the next three months roaming the surface, sending back photos and data of the site. The Tianwen-1 probe remains in orbit and will act as a relay satellite, sending signals to and from Earth. Once the rover’s mission is completed, the orbiter will spend up to two years on other space exploration tasks.

What does the Mars landing mean for China?

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The landing on Saturday makes China the third country after the United States and the former Soviet Union to achieve such a feat. State news agency Xinhua said the mission represented advances for China in launch, interplanetary flight and communications technology.

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