Number of ethnic minority students with special education needs in Hong Kong schools underestimated, says NGO
- Teachers wrongly assume the children are slower because they are learning too many languages, says Zubin Foundation
- New family centre opened to support special education needs students and their parents in their mother tongue
The number of ethnic minority students in Hong Kong’s public schools with special education needs has been underestimated, with teachers wrongly assuming their learning difficulties are related to the use of multiple languages, according to an NGO.
Shalini Mahtani, founder of the Zubin Foundation, a charity dedicated to supporting the city’s ethnic minority community, vowed to help children with special education needs (SEN) on Tuesday when she opened a family centre for this group at a shop at Austin MTR station.
In the 2020-21 academic year, the number of diagnosed non-Chinese-speaking students with SEN in public schools, which includes ordinary primary, secondary and aided special schools, was 1,260, data from the charity showed.
There were 33,063 and 33,036 ethnic minority children in kindergartens, primary schools and secondaries in the city in 2020-21 and last year respectively.
The number of SEN pupils, including non-Chinese-speaking ones, in regular public sector primary and secondary schools reached 58,890 in 2021-22, accounting for 11 per cent of the student population, according to a research paper by the Legislative Council revealed in December 2022.
SEN applies to students who have difficulties or disabilities, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism, which makes it significantly harder for them to learn or access education.
“The diagnosis rate for [ethnic minority] children is much lower [than the city’s average figure],” Mahtani said. “Teachers often just assume that the children are slower because they’re learning too many languages.”
Study: ethnic minority students face barriers to special education in Hong Kong
“We know there are hundreds who are waiting for a diagnosis [with SEN], and we want to help them all.”
The new centre will also provide ethnic minority students struggling with mental issues counselling in their native languages, including Nepali, Hindi, Urdu and English.
“One of the biggest challenges that people from minority groups with mental issues and special needs face is language. If you are not operating in your native tongue, particularly with mental health, it’s very hard to get to the bottom of the problem.”
She said she also believed native language therapy would help parents cope with their special needs children.
“ADHD and autism don’t go away, you manage them. If the parents are not taught how to do this, it becomes very, very stressful. So for the parents of the children with ADHD and autism, we offer support in their native language,” Mahtani said.
Mahtani, as a non-official member of the Commission on Children established by the government, admitted there was still a gap in the provision of services to those from ethnic minorities with special needs.
But she said the government had been supportive of their work.
Uphill battle to teach Hong Kong’s ethnic minority students Chinese
“We tell the government what we are doing and they share information. I think our cooperation is positive,” she said.
Secretary for Labour and Welfare Chris Sun Yuk-han, who attended the opening ceremony, said the Zubin Foundation was a “good example of a civil society with vitality and creativity”.
The city’s Education Bureau said it had provided additional resources, professional support and teachers to help students with SEN, which included non-Chinese speaking students.
It told the Post that a grant for supporting ethnic minority students with SEN had been given to ordinary public sector schools and had benefited 1,000 students in the 2021/22 school year. The money was used to provide in-class support and after-hours training.
“Schools can use the grant to help non-Chinese speaking students with SEN,” the bureau said.
