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President Paul Biya. Photo: Reuters

Paul Biya wins seventh term as Cameroon’s president, garnering more than 71 per cent of the vote

  • Constitutional Council rejects all legal challenges to his re-election
  • At 85, he is Africa’s oldest head of state
Africa

Africa’s oldest president, Cameroon’s Paul Biya, easily won a seventh term on Monday after a Constitutional Council he appointed rejected all legal challenges to the election.

Now analysts say the country faces further turmoil if Biya, who will be 92 when the new seven-year term ends, does not start preparing Cameroon for life without him after decades in power. Major cities saw heavy deployment of troops ahead of the election announcement as the government banned all opposition rallies.

Biya won with more than 71 per cent of the vote, far ahead of Maurice Kamto’s 14 per cent.

The October 7 election saw few voters in English-speaking regions after nearly a quarter-million people fled unrest by anglophone separatists. The turnout in the Southwest was 15 per cent and in the Northwest, 5 per cent, while Biya won in both regions with more than 77 per cent of the vote. The overall election turnout was 53 per cent.

Fighting between the separatists’ ragtag bands and security forces accused by rights groups of abuses has killed hundreds and posed a serious challenge for Cameroon, a close US security ally against extremism and a new member of the UN Human Rights Council.

The low turnout means a weaker mandate for the 85-year-old Biya, who has led since 1982. The government did away with presidential term limits several years ago, part of a trend in Central Africa that has dismayed many.

Pedestrians walk past an election campaign hoarding of Biya at a market in Younde. Photo: AP

“What I can tell you is that Cameroon will never be the same again,” said human rights lawyer Felix Nkongho Agbor Balla. While legal options for challenging election results have been exhausted, Cameroonians are now more aware of their rights after watching the Constitutional Council’s hearings, he said.

The fractured opposition brought well over a dozen legal challenges to the vote but all were rejected by the council, a collection of high-ranking magistrates and members of Biya’s administration. The election occurred largely without Western election monitors who have watched recent votes in Kenya and Zimbabwe.

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The council called the election free and fair despite the security challenges in English-speaking regions. A close Biya aide, Dion Ngute, said he was not surprised by the win because the president is “very persevering … who tells Cameroonians what can be done and what is not possible to be done”.

Opposition candidate Joshua Osih, who has compared the inability of English-speaking voters to reach the polls to South Africa’s former system of apartheid, accused Biya of using the machinery of the state to ensure another term.

Osih called the heavy troop deployment on Monday undemocratic and “intended to punish most Cameroonians who are disgruntled with Biya’s long stay in power and want him out”.

President Biya and his wife, Chantal, listen to a speech at an election rally in the Far North Region. Photo: AFP

Troops were seen at the residences of opposition candidates Kanto and Cabral Libii, who had asked Cameroonians to defend their rights if they felt cheated in the election.

The minister of territorial administration, Paul Atanga Nji, said the troops were not meant to intimidate people but rather protect them from “politicians who are pushing naive youth to the streets”.

I can only hope he is thinking about the interests of the nation
Former UN diplomat Simon Munzu

Dissatisfaction has been high in the English-speaking Southwest and Northwest, where Hans De Marie Heungoup, a senior analyst with the International Crisis Group, said only a few counties’ polling stations opened. Biya did not campaign in either region.

“Normally the head of state should be worried to be elected when two of the 10 regions of the country almost have not participated,” said Heungoup. “But in the reality of Cameroon, the president doesn’t care.”

The anglophone unrest began after lawyers and teachers in the English-speaking regions peacefully protested what they called creeping marginalisation by Cameroon’s French-speaking majority. English-speakers make up about 20 per cent of the population.

After the government cracked down, armed separatists emerged and declared an independent state of Ambazonia. Civilians caught in the fighting have pleaded for peace, saying children’s education has been disrupted as schools are attacked and burned.

The entrance to the capital of the majority English-speaking Southwest region of Cameroon, in Buea. Photo: AFP

Now everything depends on how Biya decides to interpret his new mandate, said Simon Munzu, a former UN diplomat and coordinator of next month’s anglophone General Conference. The conference organised by religious leaders focuses on a possible national dialogue.

If the president sees this as a chance to address anglophone grievances, “we should be optimistic”, Munzu said. But if Biya, influenced by hardliners, sees the vote as approval of the status quo, “it will be a disaster. It will mean he adopts a high-handed attitude, not wanting to talk to anybody … preferring to pursue the military approach”.

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Biya, whom observers describe as a distant figure even to ambassadors and some of his ministers, will be invited to the anglophone conference, Munzu said.

Munzu and Heungoup warned that Cameroon faces disaster if the ageing Biya suddenly leaves power without preparing the ground for a transition even within the ruling party, with its own tensions along generational and ethnic lines.

“I can only hope he is thinking about the interests of the nation,” Munzu said. Cameroonians are hungry for a proper democracy, he added, noting the country’s colonial past and legacy of autocratic rule: “They didn’t think it would last this long.”

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