Drug lord Pablo Escobar’s lawyered-up hippos recognised as people by US court
- The ruling provides a boost to a lawsuit seeking to stop the Colombian government from culling the animals
- The hippos have thrived since Escobar’s death and now number around 100, posing threats to local ecology and fishermen
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In a first, a US court has recognised animals as legal persons – specifically, the descendants of Pablo Escobar’s hippopotamuses who have thrived in Colombia since the notorious drug lord was killed almost 30 years ago.
The ruling came after the non-profit Animal Legal Defence Fund (ALDF) filed an application seeking to allow two experts in non-surgical sterilisation of wildlife to provide testimony supporting a Colombian lawsuit to stop a cull.
At a federal court in Ohio, magistrate Judge Karen Litkovitz last week granted the request of the plaintiffs, the “Community of Hippopotamuses Living in the Magdalena River”.
The ruling was based on a US law that allows an “interested person” in foreign litigation to request US depositions to help their case.
“In granting the application … the court recognised the hippos as legal persons with respect to that statute,” ALDF said in a statement.
Christopher Berry, ALDF’s managing attorney, said on Thursday that the district court order “will help the hippos in their lawsuit not to die – that’s the immediate impact of it”. “More broadly speaking, it’s the first concrete example of a US court authorising animals to exercise a legal right in the animal’s own name,” he added.
The lawsuit was filed last July on behalf of the hippos by lawyer Luis Domingo Gomez Maldonado in Colombia, which already recognises legal personhood for animals.
Its aim is to stop the government from euthanising the animals, who now number around 100, up significantly from the single male and three females Escobar initially acquired.
Colombia has a hippopotamus problem – thanks to Pablo Escobar
Before he was shot dead by police in 1993, the cocaine baron bought exotic animals to live on his ranch, including flamingos, giraffes, zebras and kangaroos. After his death, all but the hippopotamuses were sold to zoos.
The semiaquatic ungulates were left to roam Escobar’s Hacienda Napoles estate and continued breeding. They are now believed to be the largest so-called “bloat” of hippopotamuses outside Africa.
This has had detrimental consequences for the local ecology, as well as reported attacks on local fishermen.
While the litigation is ongoing, authorities announced October 15 they had begun sterilising the pod using the contraceptive drug GonaCon administered by dart guns, and through surgical sterilisation.
The lawsuit contends it is unknown if the Colombian government will use the drug safely and whether it still intends to kill some of the animals.
It is seeking to provide the hippos with another contraceptive, called PZP (porcine zona pellucida), which has successfully been used in zoos and is recommended by Animal Balance, an international organisation that focuses on sterilisation of animals.
Thanks to the US court order, the testimony of Animal Balance’s wildlife experts, Elizabeth Berkeley and Richard Berlinski can be used to bolster Maldonado’s case.
Berry said the latest legal decision comes as other cases seeking personhood for animals make their way through US courts.
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A horse named Justice is being represented by ALDF in a case of cruelty and neglect, while Happy the elephant, who lives at the Bronx Zoo, is being represented by The Nonhuman Rights Project in a habeas corpus (unlawful detention) case.
It remains to be seen how other courts will factor in the hippo decision, “but it certainly is relevant and important to the broader discussion of animal personhood and animal rights”, Berry said.
The movement to grant animals legal personhood has also been gaining momentum globally.
In 2014, an Argentine court ruled Sandra the orangutan had been subject to unjust confinement at Buenos Aires Zoo. She is now settled in an ape sanctuary in Florida.
