China, North Korea’s sole major ally, accounts for more than 90 per cent of trade with the isolated country.

China has said it will strictly enforce UN Security Council sanctions banning imports of coal, textiles and seafood, while cutting off oil shipments to the North.

But a senior White House official who briefed reporters ahead of Trump’s trip said China needs to do more to comply with two UN Security Council resolutions that were approved unanimously, including with China’s support.

“We would like to see China follow through on those commitments. We would like to see China do things bilaterally as well that might even go beyond things that are mandated by those UN Security Council resolutions,” the official said.

Though China has been angered by North Korea’s repeated nuclear and missile tests and demanded they stop, Beijing also sees the United States and South Korea sharing responsibility for rising tensions because of military drills they carry out in the region.

Trump, who has threatened to “totally destroy” North Korea, has frequently asked China to help rein in North Korean leader Kim Jong-un.

But this strategy has so far failed to stop Pyongyang conducting nuclear bomb tests at an underground facility and firing ballistic missile tests into the Pacific Ocean over Japan.

The threat from North Korea has grown to a “critical and imminent level” and the United States, Japan and South Korea must address the matter, Japanese Defence Minister Itsunori Onodera told his US and South Korean counterparts in talks on Monday.

Onodera’s remarks underscored the deep concern in Tokyo about North Korean weapons tests as Pyongyang seeks to develop a nuclear-tipped missile capable of reaching the United States.

The White House official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Trump is looking for a peaceful resolution of the North Korea stand-off.

Asked by reporters whether an offer by former President Jimmy Carter to serve as a US envoy to North Korea would be accepted, the official said, “There’s nothing planned.”

Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said on Monday he outlined for Trump his country’s efforts to pressure North Korea over its nuclear programme but also advised the US leader to use talks to help resolve the conflict.

“There is no quick and easy solution. Pressure is necessary but so is dialogue. The US will need to work with others, including China, South Korea and Japan and Russia to resolve the issue,” he said.

With Xi consolidating power in the wake of a Communist Party congress in Beijing, Trump believes the Chinese president will have a greater authority to take steps against North Korea, senior administration officials said last week.

Trump’s November 3-14 trip will include visits to Japan, South Korea, China, Vietnam and the Philippines.

Trump will also be tough on trade during talks with Xi as he seeks to reduce the US trade deficit with China, the White House official said.

“We have huge barriers that Americans companies have to surmount to gain access to the Chinese market. The president is intent on rectifying that situation,” the official said.

Despite Trump’s fierce criticism of China’s trade practises during the presidential campaign, he has mostly held off on any major trade action while his administration works with Beijing on North Korea.

China has insisted it is doing all it can, and some Chinese diplomats said the Trump administration has overestimated how much influence Beijing has over its defiant neighbour.

Even as China has shown signs of tightening enforcement of sanctions on North Korea, it has stopped short of agreeing to US demands for a fuel embargo and has urged the United States to negotiate with Pyongyang.