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Associated Press

Right whales may be one step closer to extinction after no newborn calves were spotted off the southeast US coasts, experts say.
“If we don’t get serious and figure this out, it very well could be the beginning of the end,” said Barb Zoodsma, who oversees the right whale recovery programme in the US Southeast for the National Marine Fisheries Service.
Researchers have been looking since December for newborn right whales off the coasts of Georgia and Florida, where pregnant whales typically migrate each winter to give birth in warmer Atlantic waters.
Trained spotters in aeroplanes who spend the season scouting the coastal waters for mother-and-calf pairs found nothing this season.
They wrap up work when the month ends Friday.

Zoodsma said she doesn’t expect any last-minute calf sightings. If she is right, it will be the first year whale spotters have recorded zero births since survey flights began in 1989.
Right now, the sky is falling
Barb Zoodsma, right whale expert
The timing could hardly be worse. Scientists estimate only about 450 North Atlantic right whales remain. A total of 17 right whales washed up dead in the US and Canada last year, far outpacing five births.
With no rebound in births this past winter, the overall population could shrink further in 2018. One right whale was found dead off the coast of Virginia in January.
“It is truly alarming,” said Philip Hamilton, a scientist at the New England Aquarium in Boston who has studied right whales for three decades. “Following a year of such high mortality, it’s clear the population can’t sustain that trajectory.”
Right whales have averaged about 17 births per year during the past three decades. Since 2012, all but two seasons have yielded below-average calf counts.
Scientists will be looking for newborn stragglers as the whales return to their feeding grounds off the northeastern US this spring. 
That happened last year, when two previously unseen babies were spotted in Cape Cod Bay.

Right whale researcher Charles “Stormy” Mayo of the Center for Coastal Studies in Provincetown, Massachusetts, said he was hopeful some calves were born this season off the Carolinas or Virginia, where scientists were not really looking.
It is also possible right whales could rally with a baby boom next year.
Females typically take three years or longer between pregnancies, so births can fluctuate year-to-year.
The previous rock-bottom year for births – just one calf spotted in 2000 – was followed by 31 newborns in 2001, the second-best calving season on record.
“I still think next year or the year after, we could see dozens of right whales calving down here,” said Clay George, a wildlife biologist who oversees right whale surveys for the Georgia Department of Natural Resources.
With future births uncertain, researchers say more needs to be done to prevent human causes of many right whale deaths.
Necropsies performed on the 17 dead whales last year found at least four were struck by ships and at least two died from entanglement in fishing gear.
Black-faced spoonbill numbers dwindle again as habitats degrade
Hamilton said speed restrictions on ships in waters where right whales are most frequently found might be expanded throughout the eastern seaboard to further protect the giant mammals as they roam.
Meanwhile, some commercial fishermen are testing gear with ropes that have built-in weak points designed to break rather than ensnare a large whale.

Others are working on ropeless lobster pots that use inflatable bags to bring the traps to the surface.
Research has shown most females right whales are now dying by age 30, less than half their expected lifespan.
Last male northern white rhino dies, hailed as ‘great ambassador’
And the adult females that had babies last year, identified by unique markings on their heads, were giving birth for the first time in seven or eight years – more than double the typical span between pregnancies.
“Right now, the sky is falling,” Zoodsma said. “I do think we can turn this around. But it’s sort of like, what’s our willpower to do so? This is a time for all hands on deck.”


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Conservation

Beginning of the end? No baby endangered right whales have been seen this season

A female right whale swims at the surface of the water with her calf a few miles off the Georgia coast in 2009. The winter calving season for endangered right whales is ending without a single newborn being spotted off the southeast US coast. Photo: Savannah Morning News via AP

NOAA Administrator Dr. Kathryn Sullivan (left) and right whale expert Barb Zoodsma meet during a visit to Jacksonville, Florida, in an undated photograph. Photo: NOAA via Twitter

North Atlantic Right Whale mother and calf in an undated photo. Photo:  NOAA via Wikimedia Commons

North Atlantic Right Whale breaching on May 30, 2015. Photo: NOAA

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World

United States & Canada

Trained spotters in aeroplanes have been fruitlessly scouring US waters for mother-and-calf pairs of right whales
