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Thinking Fast and Slow: the GenAI Conundrum for Financial Services

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Thinking Fast and Slow: the GenAI Conundrum for Financial Services
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The financial services sector has not been shy to put money into GenAI, since a white paper by the World Economic Forum and Accenture revealed that spending is projected to reach US$97 billion by 2027. While the industry remains cautious due to strict regulatory framework and compliance requirements, the momentum is unmistakable as it is now evident that AI can play a fundamental role in navigating more complex use cases.  
McKinsey's 2025 State of AI report indicated that 21% of financial services institutions have adopted the transformative technology in risk, legal and compliance functions, in comparison to the industry average of 11%. The general optimism reported towards GenAI, combined with recent developments of DeepSeek, served as the perfect timing and conversation starter for the Amazon Web Services (AWS) for Financial Services Executive Forum and Luncheon. 
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Behind closed doors on March 20, 2025, industry heavyweights and policy regulators came together to discuss the hottest industry topics. With the theme being ‘Leave Your Legacy • Redefine Your Future’, the full-day event explored the transformative potential of technology through a series of keynote speeches, panel discussions and interactive demos. GenAI, data innovation and analytics, security and resilience, as well as customer experience enhancement were all on the agenda, shining a light on best practices and guidelines.

Addressing the Past: Charting a Roadmap for AI Breakthroughs
Robert Wang, Managing Director of AWS Hong Kong and Taiwan, opened the forum by tracing the evolution and adoption of GenAI in financial services, calling attention to distinct milestones that brought the technology to where it is today. 2023 no doubt marked the start of GenAI’s explosive growth, but even until recently, businesses had mainly made use of applications centred around improving productivity and cost, wary of risking intellectual property and consumer trust. 
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This progression mirrors the industry’s relationship with cloud technology, which was also met with initial hesitation a decade ago due to security and scalability reasons. It wasn’t until after years of cautious experimentation that businesses embraced and integrated cloud infrastructure into operations. Having experienced the benefits of connectivity, Wang is positive businesses will be quicker on the uptake of AI, and that 2025 will be “the year of reaction”. By choosing to focus on practical applications and use cases rather than far-fetched theoretical possibilities, Wang's remarks set the tone for the day filled with immersive insights and networking opportunities. 

Grounded in the Present: Taking Innovation in Stride
Looking at business through a technology lens, Chad Hersh, Head of Worldwide Market Development (Life Insurance) of AWS, echoed Wang’s views, highlighting how companies can now address customer pain points with specific technology solutions. However, it was Hersh's analysis of human and machine capabilities that stood out most. "Machines are exceptional at automating tasks, while humans excel at finding problems to solve," he explained, noting that the complementary nature of the relationship allows synergistic interaction if used well. 

By banishing fear and taking advantage of available tools, AI limitations can be addressed to achieve full potential in business value. The AWS approach is to create a controlled environment that encourages experimentation and trial, offering a full suite of solutions with flexible pricing options to enable enterprise-grade safety and performance efficiency. For instance, Amazon Bedrock helps build and scale AI applications, while Amazon Q gathers instant data insights to help teams work smarter.

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Simon Webster, Chief Executive Officer of Vistra, weighed in the conversation from a managerial perspective, contextualising the ups and downs of an early adopter in the race towards AI implementation. Drawing parallels to Wang's opening remarks, Webster stated that the CEO imperative went beyond dreaming up ways to apply AI; it is about keeping customer experience in mind as the north star goal, thus improving interaction and satisfaction by converting complex services into easy-to-consume products. 

With the launch of Geni, Vistra’s expert global compliance AI assistant and part of its Global Expansion platform, Webster shared that the development journey took approximately 12 to 18 months, providing valuable benchmarking data for other financial institutions embarking on similar transformations. Driven by the vision to make operating globally feel borderless and frictionless, Webster emphasised that Vistra’s AI plan would see new heights, extending services to all other quadrants of their business model, including commercial enablement, operational enablement and responsiveness.

Peeking into the Future: Security as Job Zero
Despite the widely held view that GenAI will change everything overnight, AWS’ Chief Technologist Olivier Klein gave guests a more pragmatic outlook on upcoming AI trends. With agentic AI, natural language programming and model distillation at the forefront of the next wave of innovation, it is essential to recognise that these technologies are no longer idle opportunities but evolving tools that are maturing right in front of us. It is up to enterprises like Vistra to take advantage of the opportunity and lead business transformation across the world.  

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Furthermore, addressing the emergence of quantum computing as “a true reality” rather than a theoretical concern, Klein urged businesses to rethink cybersecurity. In highly regulated financial services, innovation need not come at a risk. While quantum computing has yet reached the mainstream, a fully fault-tolerant quantum computer is expected by 2035. When building the next softwares and applications, companies need to consider two-factor authentication and other security measures as the number one priority, rather than wait for quantum and data mining threats to materialise. 

Paul Vixie, Deputy Chief Information Security Officer and Vice President of AWS, reminded all that a layered defense is the way forward. This would involve implementing policies, network security, identity management, and data protection that work in tandem as guardrails to sensitive information. Vixie highlighted the importance to approach security from different angles, protecting GenAI applications from Gen-AI powered threats, while using the same technology to minimise vulnerabilities.

Lastly, ethical considerations are not to be missed, as brands are built on the trust of customers. Vixie discussed the integration of responsible AI frameworks in security practices, which encompass principles such as fairness, explainability, robustness, and transparency - all vital in the creation of any credible infrastructure, AI or not. By adopting these fundamental concepts of ethics, organisations can mitigate AI bias, data manipulation, cyberattacks and other unintended consequences.

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The Road Ahead: Embracing Collaboration and Creativity

The message is loud and clear - it is more important to move away from a place of fear and embrace technology, than to risk being left behind with untapped potential. As the financial services industry continues its journey into 2025, the insights shared at the forum will serve as guideposts for business leaders and technology chiefs navigating this complex landscape, where AI has become a strategic tool reshaping the very nature of the industry. At least now with the help of AWS, any business model innovation can be done securely at a less intimidating cost.

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