bodyType

customContents

entityId

printArticlePageQuery

filter

article

body

urlAlias

articleSectionsContent

articleSeoArticle

articleSourceHeaderArticle

contentSchemaRenderContent

contentSubHeadlineContent

contentHeadlineContent

mainImagePrintArticleArticle

authorBlockPrintArticleArticle

contentSponsorTagContent

articlePianoPaywallContent

scmpYoutubeContent

hooksTrackPageViewArticle

query printArticlePageQuery(
  $entityId: String!
  $customContents: [CustomContentInput]
  $bodyType: BodyFormatTypeEnum
) {
  article(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {
    entityId
    body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {
      json
    }
    urlAlias
    ...articleSectionsContent
    ...articleSeoArticle_3o8td4
    ...articleSourceHeaderArticle
    ...contentSchemaRenderContent
    ...contentSubHeadlineContent
    ...contentHeadlineContent
    ...mainImagePrintArticleArticle
    ...authorBlockPrintArticleArticle
    ...contentSponsorTagContent
    ...articlePianoPaywallContent
    ...scmpYoutubeContent
    ...hooksTrackPageViewArticle
    id
  }
}

fragment articlePianoPaywallContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksPaywallPromiseContent
}

fragment articleSectionsContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      ...helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection
      ...entityLink
      name
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment articleSeoArticle_3o8td4 on Article {
  ...hooksArticleSeoArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle
  entityId
  publishedDate
  updatedDate
  summary {
    text
  }
  subHeadline {
    text
  }
  body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {
    text
  }
  keywords
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  topics {
    name
    entityId
    id
  }
  urlAlias
  authors {
    name
    id
  }
  images {
    style(filter: {style: "768x768"}) {
      url
    }
  }
  readingTime
}

fragment articleSourceHeaderArticle on Article {
  urlAlias
  ...entityLink
}

fragment authorBlockPrintArticleArticle on Article {
  ...defaultArticleDateContent
  ...authorNamesArticle
}

fragment authorNameAuthor on Author {
  ...entityLink
  name
  entityUuid
}

fragment authorNamesArticle on Article {
  authorLocations
  authors {
    entityId
    location
    ...authorNameAuthor
    id
  }
}

fragment blockquoteQuoteContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment contentHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  socialHeadline
  ...contentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
}

fragment contentNewsletterWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
    id
  }
  sections {
    value {
      relatedNewsletters {
        ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
        id
      }
      id
    }
  }
  ... on Article {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment contentSchemaRenderContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...blockquoteQuoteContent
  ...imageContent
  ...inlineWidgetContent
  ...photoGalleryWidgetContent
  ...scmpYoutubeContent
}

fragment contentShareWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  shortUrl
  socialHeadline
  headline
}

fragment contentSponsorTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentSubHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  subHeadline {
    json
  }
  summary {
    json
  }
  ...contentSchemaRenderContent
}

fragment defaultArticleDateContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksArticleDateUtilsContent
}

fragment entityLink on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  entityId
  entityUuid
  urlAlias
  urlRedirect {
    toUrl
    id
  }
  application {
    entityId
    id
  }
  ... on Section {
    fullSectionPath {
      entityId
      id
    }
    parentSection
  }
  ...helpersAppBarVariantBase
  ...helpersApplicationBase
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersAppBarVariantBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsLiveArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...helpersSectionContent
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersApplicationBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
}

fragment helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection on Section {
  name
}

fragment helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle on Article {
  entityId
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  disableOffPlatformContent
  sponsorType
  published
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
}

fragment helpersCheckIsLiveArticle on Article {
  flattenTypeIds
  liveArticle {
    status
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    paywallTypes {
      entityUuid
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsStyleArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersGetArticleTypeArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        entityId
        id
      }
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter on Newsletter {
  entityId
  name
  alternativeName
  description {
    text
  }
  summary {
    text
  }
  homepageDescription {
    text
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle on Article {
  authors {
    types
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersStyleSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersUseContentSponsorContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    sponsor {
      ...sponsorTagSponsor
      name
      type
      id
    }
    id
  }
  ... on Article {
    sponsorType
  }
  ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent
}

fragment hooksArticleDateUtilsContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  createdDate
  publishedDate
  updatedDate
}

fragment hooksArticleSeoArticle on Article {
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle
  entityId
  headline
  socialHeadline
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
  images {
    generic_og: style(filter: {style: "og_image_scmp_generic"}) {
      url
    }
    styles(filter: {styles: ["og_image_posties_article", "og_postmag", "og_image_style", "og_image_scmp_analysis", "og_image_scmp_explainer", "og_image_scmp_editorial", "og_image_scmp_fact_check", "og_image_scmp_debate", "og_image_scmp_live", "og_image_scmp_obituary", "og_image_scmp_opinion", "og_image_scmp_review", "og_image_scmp_series", "og_image_scmp_generic"]}) {
      url
      style
    }
    type
  }
  urlAlias
}

fragment hooksContentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        name
        entityId
        description {
          text
        }
        id
      }
    }
    ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  }
  flag
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  ...hooksContentHelperContent
}

fragment hooksContentHelperContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle
  ...helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle
  ...helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle
  flag
}

fragment hooksPaywallPromiseContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
}

fragment hooksTrackPageViewArticle on Article {
  entityId
  publishedDate
  headline
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  urlAlias
  authors {
    name
    id
  }
  entityUuid
}

fragment imageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  ...checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent
}

fragment inlineWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent
}

fragment mainImagePrintArticleArticle on Article {
  images {
    title
    url
    isSlideshow
    size_652x446: style(filter: {style: "652x446"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment photoGalleryDialogContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment photoGalleryWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...photoGalleryDialogContent
}

fragment scmpYoutubeContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  publishedDate
}

fragment sponsorTagSponsor on Sponsor {
  name
  type
  images {
    url
  }
}


sections

types

disableOffPlatformContent

sponsorType

published

headline

socialHeadline

authors

images

publishedDate

updatedDate

summary

subHeadline

keywords

topics

readingTime

authorLocations

entityUuid

Liz Heron

Victoria Beckham, Princess Diana and Oprah Winfrey  admitted to it. Kate Moss denied having the condition and Keira Knightley  sued the newspaper that accused her of lying about it - and won a settlement payout.
As celebrities obsess about eating disorders in memoirs, confessions and  television chat shows, incidence rates in the United States have reached epidemic levels, according to the  National Association for Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Eating Disorders.
Seven million women and a million men in the US are suffering from some form of eating disorder, with 86 per cent aged under 21 when the illness starts and 43 per cent aged under 16.
They and other sufferers around the world can feed their dreams at more than 400 'pro-ana' websites that display 'thinspiration' photos of emaciated stars to show what can be achieved, and offer tips and support on living with anorexia.
The sites, many of which carry warnings  that people enter at their own risk, have drawn  criticism from health advocacy groups for rejecting the fact that anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder.
Controversy over standards of thinness also hit the fashion industry last year after Uruguayan teenage sisters Eliana and Luisel Ramos - both models - died of heart attacks within six months of each other.
Spain banned ultra-thin models from the catwalks and the French National Assembly moved legislation in April  to make it illegal for anyone - including fashion magazines, advertisers and websites - to publicly encourage extreme thinness.
The Australian government is  considering a similar move over  pro-ana websites as part of an internet censorship plan.
Hongkongers are bombarded with images of super-thin fashion models from giant hoardings  across the city's shopping districts but public debate over any link with eating disorders - and the support provided for sufferers - has been muted.
That could change, however, following the tragic death of 16-year-old Megan Farrell, a student at West Island School - part of the English Schools Foundation - who was believed to have been suffering from anorexia.  The Year 12 student died at her home two weeks ago  of a viral infection after becoming increasingly ill over several months, according to the Pok Fu Lam school.
The tragedy has triggered  intense mourning at the school, with hundreds of students joining a memorial group on Facebook, but West Island has also moved swiftly on preventative action following discussions with ESF leaders.
The school has set up a student-led monitoring group to look  out for signs of eating disorders among students so sufferers can be identified early on and offered appropriate support and treatment.
Philippa Yu Man-wai,  head of the Hong Kong Eating Disorders Association, the only dedicated support group in the territory for people with anorexia,  bulimia nervosa and related conditions, welcomed the move.
'I have not heard of any other school setting up a student-led monitoring group on eating disorders,' she said. 'It is a good idea as dieting behaviour is quite common for the youngsters. But it is important that there is training for the students who take part.'
Ms Yu said the association ran information sessions on eating disorders in about 100 schools a year - mainly across the government and aided sector - but there was a great need for additional advice and support services.
A study of more than 3,500 students aged 11 to 20 carried out by the association in 2005 showed that more than 40 per cent  had 'body dissatisfaction', 44 per cent engaged in unhealthy weight-control behaviour and more than  6 per cent were at risk of developing eating disorders.
Exposure to  pro-ana websites among teenagers in Hong Kong was limited but the launch of a wide range of slimming products in the territory in 2003 had been a big influence on youngsters, as were celebrity magazines, advertisements and pop culture.
'There is quite a lot of demand for our services,'  Ms Yu said. 'Almost all of the cases request psychological support and sometimes dietetic consultations as well. Because it is a life-threatening illness, we normally see patients for one to two weeks and it is very intensive treatment.'
Clinical psychology services were the responsibility of public hospitals but since the provision was not meeting the needs of patients with eating disorders, the association had employed two clinical psychologists of its own to offer treatment. It received an annual grant of HK$260,000  from the Social Welfare Department but met the remainder of its total HK$1.5 million to HK$2 million annual expenditure through fund-raising activities.
There have been three registered deaths due to anorexia  over the past seven years, according to the Centre for Health Protection but neither it nor the Hospital Authority had figures available on the number of patients with the condition.
A  centre spokeswoman said the student health service run by the Department of Health promoted healthy eating, proper diets and physical activity through service centres and outreach teams. Students found to have an abnormal body weight would be assessed by doctors and dietitians, and then referred to specialists.
A spokeswoman for the Hospital Authority said doctors referred patients with eating disorders to the psychiatric services for follow-up action and the most recent psychiatric outpatient figures - from 2003-2005 - showed there were 280 to 295 per year with eating disorders.
'The Hospital Authority will continue to closely monitor the demand for such treatment and will arrange for redeployment of resources to meet the needs of patients if necessary,' she said.
But  Sing Lee, director of the Hong Kong Eating Disorders Centre at Chinese University, said there were  waiting lists of three to 18 months for psychiatric services and outpatient appointments, which lasted eight to 15 minutes on average -  too short to meet the needs of patients with eating disorders.
'This is a level of provision that would be totally ineffective,' he said. 'The only treatment with proven effectiveness for anorexia nervosa is intensive psychotherapy - but that is barely available in our health services.
'A low rate of help-seeking is typical for people with anorexia in general and particularly with Asian kids in Hong Kong. Subjectively, they don't feel that they have a problem.
'And there is a tremendous amount of resistance amongst teenagers to attending a psychiatric outpatient service because of the sense of stigma associated with psychiatry. They don't feel that they have a psychiatric problem.'
Professor  Lee said the eating disorders were now 'probably one of the most common problems among young women in Hong Kong' and early intervention was essential to prevent the condition  becoming life-threatening.
Measures such as biannual body weight screening  and group counselling sessions on eating disorders should be introduced across all schools to help identify students who were at a high risk.
But this needed to be led by a central agency, which could also provide user-friendly clinical psychology services and should receive government support, because school principals were 'already quite busy with teacher stress and educational reforms'.
Elaine Leung, a parent member of the ESF's new governing board, said: 'People are being bombarded with images of people slimming and being successful.
'I think these cases are more noticed in schools that serve the more affluent sections of the community but I think it is prevalent everywhere. I don't think that schools in any sector really have the resources or the time to come up with their own policies and programmes on eating disorders.
'We need one organisation to take the lead and set up a centre to co-ordinate support for schools.'
Such a centre, which could be based in a  medical school, teaching hospital or a government agency, should organise seminars and briefings,  provide information for schools and offer individual counselling, advice and referrals.
But Michael Wong Wai-yu,  chairman of the Association of Heads of Secondary Schools, said: 'School principals in my association never mention this as an issue in their schools. So I don't think this is a common problem in government and aided schools.'
The Hong Kong Eating Disorders Association can be contacted on 2850 4448 (http://www.heda-hk.org)



Weighing up a tragedy