bodyType

customContents

entityId

printArticlePageQuery

filter

article

body

urlAlias

articleSectionsContent

articleSeoArticle

articleSourceHeaderArticle

contentSchemaRenderContent

contentSubHeadlineContent

contentHeadlineContent

mainImagePrintArticleArticle

authorBlockPrintArticleArticle

contentSponsorTagContent

articlePianoPaywallContent

scmpYoutubeContent

hooksTrackPageViewArticle

query printArticlePageQuery(
  $entityId: String!
  $customContents: [CustomContentInput]
  $bodyType: BodyFormatTypeEnum
) {
  article(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {
    entityId
    body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {
      json
    }
    urlAlias
    ...articleSectionsContent
    ...articleSeoArticle_3o8td4
    ...articleSourceHeaderArticle
    ...contentSchemaRenderContent
    ...contentSubHeadlineContent
    ...contentHeadlineContent
    ...mainImagePrintArticleArticle
    ...authorBlockPrintArticleArticle
    ...contentSponsorTagContent
    ...articlePianoPaywallContent
    ...scmpYoutubeContent
    ...hooksTrackPageViewArticle
    id
  }
}

fragment articlePianoPaywallContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksPaywallPromiseContent
}

fragment articleSectionsContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      ...helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection
      ...entityLink
      name
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment articleSeoArticle_3o8td4 on Article {
  ...hooksArticleSeoArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle
  entityId
  publishedDate
  updatedDate
  summary {
    text
  }
  subHeadline {
    text
  }
  body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {
    text
  }
  keywords
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  topics {
    name
    entityId
    id
  }
  urlAlias
  authors {
    name
    id
  }
  images {
    style(filter: {style: "768x768"}) {
      url
    }
  }
  readingTime
}

fragment articleSourceHeaderArticle on Article {
  urlAlias
  ...entityLink
}

fragment authorBlockPrintArticleArticle on Article {
  ...defaultArticleDateContent
  ...authorNamesArticle
}

fragment authorNameAuthor on Author {
  ...entityLink
  name
  entityUuid
}

fragment authorNamesArticle on Article {
  authorLocations
  authors {
    entityId
    location
    ...authorNameAuthor
    id
  }
}

fragment blockquoteQuoteContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment contentHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  socialHeadline
  ...contentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
}

fragment contentNewsletterWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
    id
  }
  sections {
    value {
      relatedNewsletters {
        ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
        id
      }
      id
    }
  }
  ... on Article {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment contentSchemaRenderContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...blockquoteQuoteContent
  ...imageContent
  ...inlineWidgetContent
  ...photoGalleryWidgetContent
  ...scmpYoutubeContent
}

fragment contentShareWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  shortUrl
  socialHeadline
  headline
}

fragment contentSponsorTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentSubHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  subHeadline {
    json
  }
  summary {
    json
  }
  ...contentSchemaRenderContent
}

fragment defaultArticleDateContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksArticleDateUtilsContent
}

fragment entityLink on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  entityId
  entityUuid
  urlAlias
  urlRedirect {
    toUrl
    id
  }
  application {
    entityId
    id
  }
  ... on Section {
    fullSectionPath {
      entityId
      id
    }
    parentSection
  }
  ...helpersAppBarVariantBase
  ...helpersApplicationBase
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersAppBarVariantBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsLiveArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...helpersSectionContent
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersApplicationBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
}

fragment helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection on Section {
  name
}

fragment helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle on Article {
  entityId
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  disableOffPlatformContent
  sponsorType
  published
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
}

fragment helpersCheckIsLiveArticle on Article {
  flattenTypeIds
  liveArticle {
    status
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    paywallTypes {
      entityUuid
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsStyleArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersGetArticleTypeArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        entityId
        id
      }
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter on Newsletter {
  entityId
  name
  alternativeName
  description {
    text
  }
  summary {
    text
  }
  homepageDescription {
    text
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle on Article {
  authors {
    types
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersStyleSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersUseContentSponsorContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    sponsor {
      ...sponsorTagSponsor
      name
      type
      id
    }
    id
  }
  ... on Article {
    sponsorType
  }
  ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent
}

fragment hooksArticleDateUtilsContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  createdDate
  publishedDate
  updatedDate
}

fragment hooksArticleSeoArticle on Article {
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle
  entityId
  headline
  socialHeadline
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
  images {
    generic_og: style(filter: {style: "og_image_scmp_generic"}) {
      url
    }
    styles(filter: {styles: ["og_image_posties_article", "og_postmag", "og_image_style", "og_image_scmp_analysis", "og_image_scmp_explainer", "og_image_scmp_editorial", "og_image_scmp_fact_check", "og_image_scmp_debate", "og_image_scmp_live", "og_image_scmp_obituary", "og_image_scmp_opinion", "og_image_scmp_review", "og_image_scmp_series", "og_image_scmp_generic"]}) {
      url
      style
    }
    type
  }
  urlAlias
}

fragment hooksContentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        name
        entityId
        description {
          text
        }
        id
      }
    }
    ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  }
  flag
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  ...hooksContentHelperContent
}

fragment hooksContentHelperContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle
  ...helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle
  ...helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle
  flag
}

fragment hooksPaywallPromiseContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
}

fragment hooksTrackPageViewArticle on Article {
  entityId
  publishedDate
  headline
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  urlAlias
  authors {
    name
    id
  }
  entityUuid
}

fragment imageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  ...checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent
}

fragment inlineWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent
}

fragment mainImagePrintArticleArticle on Article {
  images {
    title
    url
    isSlideshow
    size_652x446: style(filter: {style: "652x446"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment photoGalleryDialogContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment photoGalleryWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...photoGalleryDialogContent
}

fragment scmpYoutubeContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  publishedDate
}

fragment sponsorTagSponsor on Sponsor {
  name
  type
  images {
    url
  }
}


sections

types

disableOffPlatformContent

sponsorType

published

headline

socialHeadline

authors

images

publishedDate

updatedDate

summary

subHeadline

keywords

topics

readingTime

authorLocations

entityUuid

Jeremy Blum

China has recently enjoyed a rocky relationship with foreign television programmes, removing fan favorites like The Big Bang Theory from streaming sites and airing a heavily edited version of international hit Game of Thrones.
Events last week showed that animated fare is at no less risk of facing the chopping block. According to reports from The Japan Times, 38 Japanese cartoons have been blacklisted from Chinese streaming sites in an effort to, in the words of Ministry of Culture official Liu Qiang, “protect the healthy development of youth”.
Mainland China’s grudge against anime, which is rampantly streamed via easily accessible websites all over the Chinese internet, is nothing new.
A series of regulations that hit the mainland in late March and early April blasted sites for hosting anime that featured “scenes of violence, pornography, terrorism and crimes against public morality”, and this new list of prohibited series, fully viewable on the Anime News Network, seems have to been selected based on this criteria.
Admittedly, the list does include several series with themes inappropriate for pre-teen audiences - Highschool of the Dead, for example, features copious scenes of skimpily dressed schoolgirls shooting zombies in the head, something I’m sure the Ministry of Culture isn’t too keen on.
Death Note is about a boy with a God complex who uses a magical notebook to kill people, and the show caused a ruckus in 2005 when Chinese officials in western Gansu province tried to get it banned on account of being a “bad influence”.
The popular Attack on Titan, known in Japanese as Shingeki no Kyojin and Mandarin Chinese as Jinji de Juren, tells a post-apocalyptic parable about survivors who live in a realm ravaged by gargantuan humanoids.
While gritty and violent, Attack on Titan has also raised many an eyebrow for its political undertones, with democracy supporters in Hong Kong using the show’s imagery during the Occupy protests and even arguing that the series’ titular, ever-encroaching Titans can be interpreted as a metaphor for the Chinese mainland itself.

Highschool of the Dead, Death Note and Attack on Titan are not for children, and a quick look at Chinese social media networks Weibo and Wechat reveal that none of the fans of these shows (which tend to be older, teenaged audiences anyway), are saying otherwise.
What they are objecting to, however, is blatant censorship - as well as the fact that the government is taking very real steps to limit what they can and can’t watch.
Additionally, this list of 38 anime is set to expand over time and may eventually include series that you would be hard-pressed to describe as inciting any “crimes against public morality.”
According to April reports by Want ChinaTimes, citing the Beijing Morning Post, a much longer list was leaked in April that included popular fare like One Piece, a rip-roaring pirate saga, and Sailor Moon, a classic series about magical heroines that most Asian girls seem to have watched at some point in the 90’s.
The worst you could say about One Piece is that it has some intense battles and features a few voluptuous females. As for Sailor Moon, well, I’m not exactly sure what is so offensive about that. I watched it a few times when I was nine years old, and I turned out okay.
It is important to note that neither One Piece nor Sailor Moon were included in the list of 38 banned anime released last week, so it’s possible that they were excluded from the ban upon further review. But the fact that both of these shows were considered is alarming, particularly when they extol themes of camaraderie and remaining loyal to one’s friends much more than any sort of violence, pornography or terrorism.
Mainland China has long desired to guide its populace with a steady moral compass, and president Xi Jinping’s policies have only furthered this mission with a push to purge online materials deemed offensive by the Communist Party. 
Yet censoring or banning popular media is rarely the right path to take, because more often than not, as in the case of China’s bungling attempts to bowdlerise Game of Thrones, the result turns into an embarrassment decried by local fans, who will often jump through hoops to locate the uncensored version via internet VPNs or China’s immense gray market.

The same will hold true of this latest array of prohibited programmes.
Interest in Highschool of the Dead, Death Note and Attack on Titan is only sure to rise, likely driving sales of pirated DVD imports from Taiwan and Hong Kong all over the back alleys of Beijing and Shanghai.
And while streaming sites may have been targeted, plenty of Chinese manga portals hosting scans of the original comic books that these shows originated from are online and accessible this very minute. So while Chinese fans might not be able to easily watch Attack on Titan, they can still read it if they know where to look. Not a very comprehensive ban, at least for the moment.
In the end, perhaps this “ban” is less about protecting young people and more about limiting the exposure of foreign works and promoting China’s domestic animation market. Local cartoons, after all, have long struggled to gain a foothold in the face of Japanese anime and big-budget Western releases by Pixar.
In 2008, when China’s State Administration of Radio, Film and Television pulled a similar stunt by banning prime-time anime broadcasts in favour of local shows, Beijing cultural critic Chan Koonchung offered some wise words that still ring true seven years later.
“The problem is that the standard of Chinese animation is far behind international standards. Nurturing creativity is the answer to the problem, but to do so, the government has to allow children to be free to choose the cartoons they want to watch," Chan said.
"We are living in a globalised world. The government must be cautious when issuing any bans. It should let the people see as much as possible.”


Forget Attack on Titan - China issues its own attack on anime

A screencap of Attack on Titan, the latest anime to receive acclaim worldwide but controversy in China. Photo: SCMP Pictures

The busty zombie-fighting schoolgirls of Highschool of the Dead make it a high-profile target for censorship. Photo: SCMP Pictures

Occupy Central supporters were quick to use Attack on Titan's imagery in last year's pro-democracy parades. Photo: Kacey Wong (www.kaceywong.com)

Death Note is no stranger to trouble in China - in 2005 several school districts made an effort to ban both the anime and manga on account of it being a bad influence. Photo: SCMP Pictures

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38 cartoons have been blacklisted by the Ministry of Culture, but is this censorship justified? 


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From The Hip | Forget Attack on Titan - China issues its own attack on anime

38 cartoons have been blacklisted by the Ministry of Culture, but is this censorship justified?