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Mike Pompeo, the US Secretary of State, outlines the mission of the Trump administration’s Clean Network programme in a news conference at the State Department in Washington on August 5. Photo: Reuters

US squeeze on China’s apps, digital infrastructure could upend global internet, analysts say

  • The US government’s ‘Clean Network’ programme aims to restrict the international expansion of Chinese apps, cloud services and undersea cable networks
  • It could deal another blow to China’s tech sector amid the disruptions caused by the coronavirus pandemic and protracted trade war with the US

The Trump administration’s “Clean Network” programme threatens to further disrupt China’s technology industry, as the campaign seeks to restrict the international expansion of Chinese apps, cloud services and undersea cable networks.

US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo on Wednesday made sweeping remarks that – “to keep Americans’ data safe from untrusted vendors” – he will aim to remove Chinese-owned apps in the market as well as cut off links with China’s digital infrastructure.

The initiative, which the State Department said includes the commitment of more than 30 countries and territories, is likely to escalate the complex tech war between the world’s two largest economies, according to analysts.

“The negative effect of this programme is that it’s becoming harder to see a truly global vision of the internet and access without borders surviving this tech war,” said Paul Haswell, a partner who advises technology companies at international law firm Pinsent Masons. “It would seem that the object of the campaign is to remove Chinese technology from all aspects of US data transmission and processes. We’ll have to see if that is even possible in practice.”

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Pompeo says US considering ban on TikTok and other Chinese apps, praises Google, Facebook, Twitter

Pompeo says US considering ban on TikTok and other Chinese apps, praises Google, Facebook, Twitter

Implementing this programme in the US and other markets could deal another blow to China’s tech sector amid disruptions caused by the coronavirus pandemic and Beijing’s protracted trade war with Washington.

“Many of the Chinese companies currently under unilateral US sanctions are innocent, and their technology and products are safe,” said Wang Wenbin, China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman, in a statement on Thursday. “It is absurd for the US to talk of a ‘Clean Network’ when it is covered in its own filth”, referencing the Edward Snowden incident and Prism surveillance.

On Wednesday, Pompeo reiterated the Trump administration’s impending action against TikTok, WeChat and other Chinese-owned apps by calling for the removal of these “untrusted Chinese apps” from US app stores.

It remains unclear exactly how “untrusted” will be applied in practice to app operators under the Clean Network programme, other than to infer that certain apps are the ones Washington considers to be national security risks. That could potentially affect many of the most installed apps on Apple’s App Store and on Google Play.
It is absurd for the US to talk of a ‘Clean Network’ when it is covered in its own filth
Wang Wenbin, China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman
At least 20 of the 100 top-grossing apps on the US Google Play store for Android device users are developed in China, while 10 of the 100 highest grossing apps on Apple’s App Store are based in China, according to data from analytics firm App Annie on Thursday. Those include ByteDance-owned TikTok, Tencent Holdings’ survival shooting game PUBG Mobile and short video app Zynn, operated by an affiliate of Kuaishou.

Representatives from WeChat, Tencent and Kuaishou declined to comment on Thursday.

In the second quarter, the US was the second-largest app market in terms of downloads behind India, according to analytics firm Sensor Tower. In India, more Chinese apps have been taken down from local app stores there amid simmering tensions between the two countries after a violent border clash two months ago.

More Chinese apps removed from India’s app stores amid border dispute backlash

Targeting technology-related companies has become a key part of the tech cold war, as governments cut access and protect local user data,” said Neil Shah, partner and vice-president at Counterpoint Research.

The Clean Network programme also seeks to prevent Huawei Technologies and other “untrusted” device vendors from pre-installing, or making available for download, popular US apps. Pompeo indicated that the US does not want American companies “to be complicit in Huawei’s human rights abuses or the CCP’s surveillance apparatus”.
The Clean Network campaign also aims to prevent sensitive personal information of US citizens and businesses’ most valuable intellectual property – including Covid-19 vaccine research – from being stored and processed on cloud computing platforms run by the likes of Alibaba Group Holding, telecommunications network operators China Mobile and China Telecom, Baidu and Tencent.

Google scraps cloud initiative in China and other ‘sensitive markets

Tencent and Alibaba, the parent company of the South China Morning Post, declined to comment on the US programme on Thursday. Baidu did not immediately reply to a request for comment.

Alibaba Cloud was the world’s fourth-largest cloud services provider in the second quarter, behind Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud, according to research firm Canalys.

“This latest ramp-up in US-China tensions poses a potential barrier for the Chinese cloud companies to expand globally,” said Mathew Ball, Canalys’ chief analyst for global infrastructure, cloud and cybersecurity. He added, however, that this campaign “will be challenging to enforce outside the US”.

Pompeo said the US campaign is also focused on keeping the undersea cables that links the country to the global internet safe from intelligence-gathering by China.

In June, the US government blocked a major undersea cable network from linking Hong Kong to the US West Coast because it “would expose US communications traffic to collection” by China.
This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: US purge on China tech ‘poses threat’ to global web
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