How technology is helping clean up the environment – in the skies and under the seas
- In China, fighting pollution is one of the ‘three tough battles’, together with poverty reduction and achieving financial stability
- More than 45 major Chinese cities have said they plan to establish a waste sorting system by the end of the year and smaller cities will follow suite by 2025
Attached to a drone, the palm-size device has a more acute sense of smell than a dog and can reach heights out of reach of traditional air quality stations.
Called Sniffer4D, it can detect and analyse in real time up to nine different types of gases and particles in the atmosphere.
Developed by Shenzhen-based cleantech start-up Soarability, the device can be attached to drones or ground vehicles and, according to company founder and chief executive Steven Jiang.
First launched in 2018 and upgraded in April this year, it is now being used to monitor air pollution, ship emissions, pipelines and hazardous material leakage in more than 20 countries, including China, the US and Japan.
“During our tests, Sniffer4D is not as accurate as the site-specific air detection stations, which are much larger and more expensive, but it performs better than traditional handheld devices,” Jiang said.
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He added that the device is not intended to replace larger air quality stations, rather complement them with a mobile unit able to detect air quality beyond the reach of ground stations.
When Jiang, a native of China’s Guangxi province, was studying in New Zealand, he noticed that air quality can vary a great deal even within a small area – and that people would not notice.
“The hyperlocal and timely information [on air quality] can help [citizens and policymakers] make the best decisions,” Jiang said.
Besides hardware, the company also provides software that analyses and visualises in 3D the distribution of gas concentration in real time.
It plans to launch two new products soon: a drone module that can take gas samples from the air, and a drone accessory to measure wind speed and direction.
“The emphasis at this year Two Sessions [parliamentary meetings] on pollution control and environmental protection has been less pronounced than in 2019,” said Christoph Nedopil Wang, director of the Green Belt and Road Initiative Centre at the International Institute of Green Finance in Beijing.
“For this year, environmental protection is not centre stage, but it doesn’t mean that it's not there. The big revelation will come with the next five-year plan [in 2021],” he said.
Smell is not the only human sense being mimicked by technology in projects designed to protect the environment.
In the Philippines, an intelligent underwater camera system called CORaiL is being used to monitor reefs. Co-developed by US chip maker Intel, consulting company Accenture, and the locally-based Sulubaaï Environmental Foundation, it deploys intelligent underwater video cameras around reefs to identify the number and variety of fish, which is an important indicator of reef health.
Coral reefs are being endangered and rapidly degraded by overfishing, bottom trawling, warming temperatures and unsustainable coastal development. Traditionally reef health has been monitored by human divers who manually capture video footage and take photos.
Since being deployed in May 2019, CORaiL has collected about 70,000 images. The technology “can be easily deployed in any country. Whilst there is no plan in the short term to deploy it in China, this could be envisaged in the coming months,” an Accenture spokesman said in an emailed response to the Post.
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It is more eco-friendly than humans because it does not disrupt marine life behaviour and is more efficient because it can operate much longer than a recreational diver who can normally stay underwater for just an hour, the spokesman said.
Soarability’s Jiang said that in China the environment business is mostly toG (to-government) and driven by policy changes, whereas in other markets the demand is more from the private sector.
In response, China’s AI national champion iFlyTek created an audio and image recognition system that helps residents categorise waste so it goes into the correct recycle bin. The technology can also be licensed by waste sorting companies to improve efficiency.
Ding Rui, director of product solutions at iFlyTek Open Platform, said when the policy was introduced “quite a number of clients” reached out to the company for a solution but demand has cooled lately.
“As more policies are introduced the market will be promising,” Ding said.
Besides Shanghai, 45 other major Chinese cities have said they plan to establish a basic waste sorting system by the end of the year and smaller cities will follow suite by 2025, according to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.
