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South Korean tourists pictured at an airport leaving Israel on Monday. Photo: AFP

Coronavirus: Singapore develops new serological test to establish links between cases

  • The test can detect antibodies in blood samples for contact tracing and establishing links between cases
  • The city-state has also banned short-term visitors from the South Korean cities at the heart of a surge in virus cases
Singapore on Tuesday announced a medical research team had developed the world’s first serological test that could be used for establishing links between coronavirus patients.

The test kit by Duke-NUS Medical School researchers can detect antibodies in the blood samples of infected patients, even if they have recovered.

By using this test, investigators were able to determine the links between two existing clusters of Covid-19 patients in the city state. They established that a since-recovered couple who had been to The Life Church and Missions Singapore and were infected by a pair of Chinese tourists had passed the virus to a 28-year-old male at the Lunar New Year gathering, with him becoming the primary case in the Grace Assembly of God cluster.

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There are three other infection clusters or sites that connect several patients are: a construction site, a hotel business meeting and a health products shop with a mainly Chinese clientele.

Health authorities said it was not common to be able to link up clusters of infections together, and described the development as a “big success”.

“This is important for us because without any of the established links, there’s always going to be some uncertainty in how transmissions took place,” the health ministry said.

“When you don’t have the ability to connect various groups of people having the infections together, there will be a concern on whether or not that this could have been spread by someone unknown or some mysterious person.”

Singapore on Tuesday reported one new virus case – a partner of a patient – bringing its total number of cases to 91. Of these, 33 are still in hospital while 58 have been discharged.

Authorities also announced that from Wednesday, Singapore would ban short-term visitors who have recently been to Cheongdo and Daegu, the South Korean cities at the heart of a surge in coronavirus cases, in a fresh effort to tackle the spread of the deadly outbreak.
The ban, similar to one currently imposed on those who have recently travelled to mainland China, is set to kick in at the end of Wednesday.
A woman has her temperature checked in the Chinatown district of Singapore on February 17. Photo: EPA

“While we have seen the number of new cases here in Singapore remain low each day over the last few days, we must be aware that the global situation remains dynamic and we cannot afford to be complacent,” said the country’s health minister, Gan Kim Yong.

“There has been a sudden increase in cases in the Republic of Korea, Italy, and Islamic Republic of Iran, and the World Health Organisation has also noted that these developments are deeply concerning.”

Lawrence Wong, the national development minister who co-chairs a multi-ministerial task force on the virus, said that those arriving from South Korea would have to declare if they have travelled to the two cities.

Singaporeans and long-term pass holders who are returning from the affected areas will have to self-quarantine for 14 days, he said, while stressing an earlier advisory to citizens to avoid non-essential travel to the affected areas.

“About 75 per cent of the [South Korean] cases are linked to the two clusters, the church and the hospital, and centred on two cities,” said Wong. “That’s why we think that these are the two cities of higher risk and we are putting in measures to restrict travel on [them].”

The virus, which first emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan late last year and causes a pneumonia-like disease known as Covid-19, has infected more than 80,00 people and killed almost 2,700 in China alone, although the WHO said earlier that the epidemic there appears to be on the decline.

South Korea has the most virus cases outside China, reporting its 11th death and 169 new cases on Wednesday, for a total of 1,146.

A worker wearing a protective suit sprays disinfectant on an ambulance in Daegu, South Korea. Photo: AP

Wong said uncertainties would arise as the global situation evolves.

He said Singapore could put in place travel restrictions for China and South Korean cities but questioned if the trade-reliant city state could afford to shut itself out from the world.

“If the virus truly transmits everywhere in the world, we have to expect another wave of new imported cases coming into Singapore and we have to be prepared for that,” he said. “There might well be a scenario where the virus becomes endemic in the human population and ... we have to keep calm and carry on with life, continue to live life as it is but with appropriate precautions.”

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