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South China Sea
This Week in AsiaOpinion
Collin Koh

Opinion | Asean can no longer afford to be subtle over the South China Sea

  • The bloc needs to unambiguously and collectively articulate its concerns on the disputed waterway, whether it names and shames Beijing or otherwise
  • With nuance over the sea showing no signs of ameliorating China, Asean must present a united front – or it risks sliding into irrelevance

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An island in the disputed Paracel chain, which China now considers part of Hainan province but is also claimed by Vietnam. Photo: AFP
For a regional bloc well known for subtlety and nuance in its dealings, the chairman’s statement from last week’s 36th Asean Summit might have churned out some small surprises.
Buried in the middle of two paragraphs, in wording not unfamiliar to keen watchers of past statements about the South China Sea disputes, is this line: “We reaffirmed that the 1982 Unclos [United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea] is the basis for determining maritime entitlements, sovereign rights, jurisdiction and legitimate interests over maritime zones, and the 1982 Unclos sets out the legal framework within which all activities in the oceans and seas must be carried out.”

While much credit for this ought to go to Vietnam’s stewardship in its capacity as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations’ chair, it is by no means radically new, beyond a stronger emphasis on what has customarily been incorporated in past statements – in particular, to “pursue peaceful resolution of disputes in accordance with universally recognised principles of international law, including the 1982 Unclos”.

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While observers either rejoice in the statement or agonise over whether it is stronger than in previous years, one should recall that we have been through this stage before.

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Philippine officials unveil beaching ramp on disputed South China Sea island

Philippine officials unveil beaching ramp on disputed South China Sea island

The chairman’s statement from the 32nd Asean Summit in April 2018 included the mention that “land reclamations and activities in the area … have eroded trust and confidence, increased tensions and may undermine peace, security and stability in the region” – which was touted by some commentators back then as the “strongest” stance on the dispute so far.

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