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Japan
This Week in AsiaOpinion
Yasuo Takao

Asian Angle | Japan wants more women executives, but also still believes they belong at home

  • Japan wants barriers women face in the workforce removed, as part of a drive for 30 per cent of executives at large companies to be women by 2030
  • But the drive is less about promoting women’s social advancement than ensuring a future-ready workforce amid chronic labour shortages

Reading Time:4 minutes
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Most working women in Japan struggle in balancing work and family, and are paid less than their male counterparts. Photo: AP
In 2003, Japan set a goal of achieving 30 per cent representation of women in leadership positions in all areas of society by 2020. This target, known as “2020-30”, was established by former prime minister Junichiro Koizumi’s administration, and was pledged internationally by the next leader Shinzo Abe in 2014.
According to Cabinet Office data, the percentage of female executives in Japan’s prime market-listed firms was 10.7 per cent in 2020, and just 11.4 per cent as of July 2022 – a long way from its 30 per cent target. Those figures are far lower than France (45.2 per cent), Britain (37.2 per cent) and the United States (31.3 per cent).
Prime Minister Fumio Kishida instructed relevant ministers in April to consider specific measures to foster a more inclusive and diverse corporate landscape. Last month, the government issued its “Key Policy for Promoting Women’s Participation and Gender Equality” report, which sets the goal of “achieving a female executive ratio of 30 per cent or more, in Japan’s prime market-listed companies by 2030”.

The policy document notes that the appointment of women as executives in major Japanese firms has continued to “significantly lag behind internationally”, stressing that “increasing the number of female board members is an urgent issue for the future growth of the Japanese economy”.

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The gender disparity in Japan extends beyond the percentage of executives who are female. Many women take time off work in their late twenties and thirties for maternity or childcare leave.

During this time, their careers temporarily come to a halt. This creates a disparity in career progression between them and male employees who continue working steadily, making it difficult for them to reach managerial positions. To overcome such barriers to work, some Japanese companies are now considering introducing mechanisms to ensure a better work-life balance.

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The target number for women executives outlined in the policy document only applies to companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange’s prime market, which employ just 4 per cent of Japan’s total workforce.

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