Philippine President Fidel Ramos during the opening of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Ministers’ Meeting in Manila in 1996. File photo: AFP
Philippine President Fidel Ramos during the opening of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Ministers’ Meeting in Manila in 1996. File photo: AFP

Philippines’ Fidel Ramos sought Beijing ties but also showed South China Sea defiance

  • Ramos, who died on Sunday at the age of 94, started a programme to modernise his country’s armed forces to better protect territories in disputed region while pursuing one-China policy
  • During and after his tenure, former Philippine president’s public position on China shifted between acceptance and defiance

Philippine President Fidel Ramos during the opening of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Ministers’ Meeting in Manila in 1996. File photo: AFP
Philippine President Fidel Ramos during the opening of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Ministers’ Meeting in Manila in 1996. File photo: AFP
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