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Bombastic Trump leads the paradigm shift to ‘ashtray diplomacy’

Tom Plate says from trade to the South China Sea, Donald Trump has taken a page from ashtray-hurling scientist Thomas Kuhn, reacting to challenges with a disruptive leadership style. And, looking at China, Russia and even Malaysia, he’s not alone

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Illustration: Craig Stephens
Is there something in the nature of political discourse that defaults to the “ashtray”? What if we were to conjure an ashtray metaphor to shed perspective on China-US relations?
The story at hand is legendary among scientists because it originated with an iconic historian of science. Thomas Samuel Kuhn (1922-1996) was brilliant, imperious, egomaniacal and maybe – just maybe – a touch crazy. In other words, he was not unlike other scientists you may know.

So, when the famous professor in the cave of his office at the Institute for Advanced Studies at Princeton once hurled an ashtray at a graduate student under his tutelage, it soon became, for historians and philosophers in the know, a defining moment in high-level eccentricity, questionable mentorship and academic drama.

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Even more than a half-century later, it’s difficult to get the unsettling image of the flying ashtray out of our minds; neither can the target of the propelled ashtray, Errol Morris, who grew up to become a celebrated film director (The Fog of War, and many others) – and very fine author.

In his just-published The Ashtray: (Or the Man Who Denied Reality) – usefully philosophical; engagingly unstuffy – Morris admits taking on the late Professor Kuhn, then (as indeed even now) a global superstar for his The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, a masterpiece that popularised “paradigm shift” to explain scientific progress.

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Errol Morris, who later became famous for his documentary filmmaking, recalls in his new autobiography how he once made physicist and historian Thomas Kuhn so angry that he threw an ashtray at him. Photo: AFP
Errol Morris, who later became famous for his documentary filmmaking, recalls in his new autobiography how he once made physicist and historian Thomas Kuhn so angry that he threw an ashtray at him. Photo: AFP
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