The UN Climate Change Conference COP25 started this week in Madrid. While some might find it tiring to be constantly reminded about the looming threat of climate change, the reality is that climate change is real and accelerating. We passed 1 degree Celsius of warming in 2015 and are likely to reach 2 degrees by 2050, at the current pace. These numbers may not sound like a lot, but bear in mind how a couple of degrees’ difference in body temperature would mean the start of a fever. For the Earth, as for Hong Kong, this means the deadly heatwaves we have seen will become a regular occurrence. Water availability will change – we will experience heavier rainfall yet remain water-stressed in Hong Kong, as the flow of the Dongjiang, the eastern tributary of the Pearl River, becomes less stable. Disease outbreaks will be more common, as milder winters allow mosquitoes, cockroaches and rodents to propagate. Also, while plants may enjoy the higher levels of carbon dioxide initially, hotter temperatures and water scarcity would make them less productive. Subsequently, food availability will decrease and food prices will increase as regions become less suitable for agriculture. This is just a small list of the possible impacts of unmitigated climate change. Climate change threatens the liveability of Hong Kong, which has already fallen behind other international cities. Although the window of opportunity is closing, we can still limit global warming if we take action now. What Hong Kong must do to clear the road for electric vehicles For example, the government should task power companies with decarbonising energy grids and making a switch to renewable energy. Renewable energy is already cost-competitive and becomes an even better option when we consider the impact of fossil fuels on health and the environment. Building energy codes should be regularly tightened to reduce energy demand and loss. And the city should electrify the transport network and follow other cities in phasing out fossil-fuel vehicles . Why water-wasting Hong Kong must plan for a drought now Second, our consumption habits cannot be ignored either. Hong Kong has a relatively small footprint, as we import most of our goods. If we take those imports into consideration, our per-capita carbon footprint might match that of the United States. We do not need to avoid all forms of consumption, but we need to learn to consume better instead of just more. The government must work with businesses to make sustainable consumption affordable and comfortable for everybody. Finally, we should embrace a plant-based diet that is healthier for the planet and ourselves. We still have a chance to secure our future, let’s not squander this opportunity. Wendell Chan, Programme Officer, Friends of the Earth (HK)