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Hong Kong economy
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Letters | How Hong Kong lost its top economic freedom ranking after over 50 years

  • Readers discuss Hong Kong slipping in an economic freedom league table after a five-decade reign at No 1, and the need for Hongkongers’ to boost cybersecurity in the face of emerging threats

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Tourists take photographs of the Hong Kong skyline from the Peak on July 27. Photo: Dickson Lee
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In the late 1980s, at the invitation of Milton Friedman and Michael Walker of the Fraser Institute in Canada, I became involved in a project to measure economic freedom. The resulting Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) index, published annually since 1996, provides economic freedom ratings for up to 165 countries and jurisdictions as far back as 1970.
In each and every published edition of the EFW index, Hong Kong had been rated as the most economically free – that is, until now. The newly released EFW index has downgraded Hong Kong to second place, with Singapore now taking top honours.
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Hong Kong’s five-decade reign as the most economically free jurisdiction in the EFW index was no surprise to those of us compiling the data. We remember watching Milton and Rose Friedman’s Free To Choose series on PBS in the 1980s that celebrated the territory’s economic freedoms, and the data we collected reflected what we saw on the show. Compared with 33-53 per cent income tax rates in the United States, the top rate in Hong Kong was just 17-25 per cent.

After the handover in 1997, little seemed to change in terms of the EFW index. Taxes and regulations remained low and trade with the rest of the world remained free.

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But China’s commitment to “one country, two systems” seems to have unravelled. Hong Kong’s EFW index ratings eventually began to reflect the erosion of political and economic freedom.

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