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Macroscope
Opinion
Anthony Rowley

Macroscope | The US dollar is standing in the way of a truly global monetary response to the coronavirus crisis

  • The dollar’s dominance denies the IMF the right to act as a global lender of last resort with the SDR.
  • Instead, the world’s reliance on the dollar risks an erosion of confidence in national currencies as central banks print more of them

Reading Time:3 minutes
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The value of the Special Drawing Right is based on a basket of currencies – the dollar, euro, renminbi, yen and pound. The US is opposed to having the SDR play a greater role in global financing. Photo: Reuters

The coronavirus crisis is forcing the world to renew its focus on the concept of globalisation – economic, social and political – as “we’re all in this together” assumes new meaning and the Trumpian philosophy of putting “America first” begins to look absurdly inappropriate.

And yet truly global policy actions are still not possible in one area where arguably they are needed most: the multilateral coordination of monetary action, where China, Japan and even some European powers have long sought more influence.

The United States continues to defend the role of the dollar as the world’s premier reserve and transaction currency, effectively denying the International Monetary Fund the right to act as a global lender of last resort with its own reserve currency.
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If the IMF were allowed to employ this currency, Special Drawing Rights or SDRs, more freely to provide member countries with a means to deal with the global financial crisis triggered by coronavirus, the international arsenal of tools could be strengthened significantly.

Instead, the world is forced to rely on dollar liquidity, which increases the dominant role of the US currency and also risks an erosion of public confidence in national currencies generally as the Federal Reserve and other central banks print ever more of them.
Some reports have suggested that US opposition to having the SDR play a greater role in global financing stems from a fear that this could open new avenues of funding for Iran and China. But Washington's reluctance to see the SDR take on a greater role has older and more complex origins.
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