Advertisement
US Federal Reserve
Opinion
Nicholas Spiro

Macroscope | Why the world is waiting for a sharp slowdown in the US economy

  • The Fed’s abrupt shift in policy has wreaked havoc on markets the world over, pummelling currencies, bonds and commodity prices
  • The US central bank’s fight against inflation is likely to inflict more pain on other countries, unless the American economy slows enough to force an end to the tightening campaign

Reading Time:3 minutes
Why you can trust SCMP
4
Shoppers at the Apple Fifth Avenue store in New York. The US economy is showing surprising resilience amid strong retail sales and consumer confidence. Photo: Bloomberg

As the global economy and markets come under severe strain, policymakers in developed and developing countries look upon the United States with a mixture of envy and indignation.

The US continues to benefit from its “exorbitant privilege”, a phrase coined by former French president Valéry Giscard d’Estaing when referring to the US dollar’s role as the world’s primary reserve currency. One of the most important advantages is the “safe haven” status of US assets, which provide a refuge for investors in times of uncertainty, even when the source of the uncertainty is the US itself.

What is more, the US economy is performing relatively well at a time when other leading economies are slowing rapidly or have slipped into recession. The US added a further 315,000 jobs last month, causing total employment to surpass its level before the eruption of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Advertisement

On Tuesday, reports showed US consumer confidence rose for a second straight month in September to its highest level since April, buoyed by the sharp fall in petrol prices. More surprisingly, new home sales surged 29 per cent year on year in August despite the steep rise in mortgage rates.

All this breeds envy in other countries, yet US monetary policy is stoking indignation. Having underestimated the strength and persistence of inflation, the US Federal Reserve has been forced to embark on an aggressive tightening campaign. Earlier this month, it delivered its third consecutive increase of 75 basis points to interest rates and expects to increase borrowing costs further in the coming months.
Advertisement
The Fed’s abrupt shift in policy has wreaked havoc on markets the world over. The dramatic rally in the US dollar – which is underpinned by higher bond yields and a resolutely hawkish central bank determined to restore its inflation-fighting credibility – has pummelled currencies in advanced economies and emerging markets alike.
Advertisement
Select Voice
Choose your listening speed
Get through articles 2x faster
1.25x
250 WPM
Slow
Average
Fast
1.25x