Why China’s demand that Japan return an ancient tablet could mark a ‘historical reckoning’
Fresh calls involving Tokyo’s Imperial Palace could spell turning point for repatriating looted war relics after decades of inertia
As one of the biggest targets of wartime looting in centuries past, China is now positioning itself as a global pioneer in repatriating lost cultural artefacts. This article, the first in a two-part series, Xinlu Liang looks at whether a stolen 1,300-year-old Chinese stone now housed in Japan’s Imperial Palace can become a test case for a reckoning over wartime plunder.
In 1945, following Japan’s surrender to the Allies, supreme commander General Douglas MacArthur ordered the country to return looted cultural treasures to their rightful nations across Asia.
However, the directive was limited: it applied only to items seized after the 1937 Marco Polo Bridge incident, ignoring earlier plunder during the first Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese wars. The bureaucratic process was also complex, requiring detailed records of each theft – documentation that many war-ravaged nations could not provide.
By the late 1940s, China had compiled a list of more than 150,000 books and 2,000 artefacts – a figure researchers later deemed to be an underestimate.
But this could soon change.