bodyType

customContents

entityId

printArticlePageQuery

filter

article

body

urlAlias

articleSectionsContent

articleSeoArticle

articleSourceHeaderArticle

contentSchemaRenderContent

contentSubHeadlineContent

contentHeadlineContent

mainImagePrintArticleArticle

authorBlockPrintArticleArticle

contentSponsorTagContent

articlePianoPaywallContent

scmpYoutubeContent

hooksTrackPageViewArticle

query printArticlePageQuery(
  $entityId: String!
  $customContents: [CustomContentInput]
  $bodyType: BodyFormatTypeEnum
) {
  article(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {
    entityId
    body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {
      json
    }
    urlAlias
    ...articleSectionsContent
    ...articleSeoArticle_3o8td4
    ...articleSourceHeaderArticle
    ...contentSchemaRenderContent
    ...contentSubHeadlineContent
    ...contentHeadlineContent
    ...mainImagePrintArticleArticle
    ...authorBlockPrintArticleArticle
    ...contentSponsorTagContent
    ...articlePianoPaywallContent
    ...scmpYoutubeContent
    ...hooksTrackPageViewArticle
    id
  }
}

fragment articlePianoPaywallContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksPaywallPromiseContent
}

fragment articleSectionsContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      ...helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection
      ...entityLink
      name
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment articleSeoArticle_3o8td4 on Article {
  ...hooksArticleSeoArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle
  entityId
  publishedDate
  updatedDate
  summary {
    text
  }
  subHeadline {
    text
  }
  body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {
    text
  }
  keywords
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  topics {
    name
    entityId
    id
  }
  urlAlias
  authors {
    name
    id
  }
  images {
    style(filter: {style: "768x768"}) {
      url
    }
  }
  readingTime
}

fragment articleSourceHeaderArticle on Article {
  urlAlias
  ...entityLink
}

fragment authorBlockPrintArticleArticle on Article {
  ...defaultArticleDateContent
  ...authorNamesArticle
}

fragment authorNameAuthor on Author {
  ...entityLink
  name
  entityUuid
}

fragment authorNamesArticle on Article {
  authorLocations
  authors {
    entityId
    location
    ...authorNameAuthor
    id
  }
}

fragment blockquoteQuoteContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment contentHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  socialHeadline
  ...contentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
}

fragment contentNewsletterWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
    id
  }
  sections {
    value {
      relatedNewsletters {
        ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
        id
      }
      id
    }
  }
  ... on Article {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment contentSchemaRenderContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...blockquoteQuoteContent
  ...imageContent
  ...inlineWidgetContent
  ...photoGalleryWidgetContent
  ...scmpYoutubeContent
}

fragment contentShareWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  shortUrl
  socialHeadline
  headline
}

fragment contentSponsorTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentSubHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  subHeadline {
    json
  }
  summary {
    json
  }
  ...contentSchemaRenderContent
}

fragment defaultArticleDateContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksArticleDateUtilsContent
}

fragment entityLink on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  entityId
  entityUuid
  urlAlias
  urlRedirect {
    toUrl
    id
  }
  application {
    entityId
    id
  }
  ... on Section {
    fullSectionPath {
      entityId
      id
    }
    parentSection
  }
  ...helpersAppBarVariantBase
  ...helpersApplicationBase
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersAppBarVariantBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsLiveArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...helpersSectionContent
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersApplicationBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
}

fragment helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection on Section {
  name
}

fragment helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle on Article {
  entityId
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  disableOffPlatformContent
  sponsorType
  published
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
}

fragment helpersCheckIsLiveArticle on Article {
  flattenTypeIds
  liveArticle {
    status
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    paywallTypes {
      entityUuid
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsStyleArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersGetArticleTypeArticle on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        entityId
        id
      }
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter on Newsletter {
  entityId
  name
  alternativeName
  description {
    text
  }
  summary {
    text
  }
  homepageDescription {
    text
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle on Article {
  authors {
    types
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersStyleSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersUseContentSponsorContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    sponsor {
      ...sponsorTagSponsor
      name
      type
      id
    }
    id
  }
  ... on Article {
    sponsorType
  }
  ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent
}

fragment hooksArticleDateUtilsContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  createdDate
  publishedDate
  updatedDate
}

fragment hooksArticleSeoArticle on Article {
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle
  entityId
  headline
  socialHeadline
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
  images {
    generic_og: style(filter: {style: "og_image_scmp_generic"}) {
      url
    }
    styles(filter: {styles: ["og_image_posties_article", "og_postmag", "og_image_style", "og_image_scmp_analysis", "og_image_scmp_explainer", "og_image_scmp_editorial", "og_image_scmp_fact_check", "og_image_scmp_debate", "og_image_scmp_live", "og_image_scmp_obituary", "og_image_scmp_opinion", "og_image_scmp_review", "og_image_scmp_series", "og_image_scmp_generic"]}) {
      url
      style
    }
    type
  }
  urlAlias
}

fragment hooksContentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        name
        entityId
        description {
          text
        }
        id
      }
    }
    ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  }
  flag
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  ...hooksContentHelperContent
}

fragment hooksContentHelperContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle
  ...helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle
  ...helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle
  flag
}

fragment hooksPaywallPromiseContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
}

fragment hooksTrackPageViewArticle on Article {
  entityId
  publishedDate
  headline
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  urlAlias
  authors {
    name
    id
  }
  entityUuid
}

fragment imageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  ...checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent
}

fragment inlineWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent
}

fragment mainImagePrintArticleArticle on Article {
  images {
    title
    url
    isSlideshow
    size_652x446: style(filter: {style: "652x446"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment photoGalleryDialogContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment photoGalleryWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...photoGalleryDialogContent
}

fragment scmpYoutubeContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  publishedDate
}

fragment sponsorTagSponsor on Sponsor {
  name
  type
  images {
    url
  }
}


sections

types

disableOffPlatformContent

sponsorType

published

headline

socialHeadline

authors

images

publishedDate

updatedDate

summary

subHeadline

keywords

topics

readingTime

authorLocations

entityUuid

Che Pan

A geographic split of global 5G standards is not likely to happen, despite the ongoing trade and tech dispute between Washington and Beijing, according to a senior official of telecommunications trade body GSM Association.
The participation of Chinese companies in drawing up global telecoms standards has continued to grow over the past few years amid tensions in US-China relations, Sihan Bo Chen, head of GSMA Greater China, told the South China Morning Post on the sidelines of industry trade show MWC Shanghai on Wednesday.
GSMA, the event’s organiser, represents the interests of more than 750 wireless network operators and almost 400 companies in the broader mobile ecosystem.
“The 3GPP hasn’t excluded any Chinese companies so far,” said Chen, referring to the main industry body that helps set international telecoms standards.
The 3GPP is a collaboration between groups of telecoms associations in Asia, Europe and North America. The International Telecommunications Union, a specialised agency under the United Nations, is responsible for the overall standardisation process for the industry.

GSMA’s positive view on the direction of 5G global standards comes after a decision by the US government in June last year, when Washington amended its prohibition on US companies doing business with the likes of Huawei Technologies Co and ZTE Corp. The rule change allows them to work with Chinese companies in setting standards for 5G.
Industry leaders had earlier expressed concern over the prospects of building separate standards for the next generation of wireless technologies in light of the US-China tech war.
Huawei, the world’s largest telecoms equipment supplier and China’s biggest smartphone vendor, was put on a stifling trade blacklist in 2019 by the previous Trump administration, which pressured US economic allies to ban the company’s 5G gear around the world over alleged security concerns.
ZTE, China’s No 2 telecoms equipment maker, had been under a cloud after losing an estimated US$3.1 billion from US-imposed trade sanctions in 2018.
ZTE agreed to pay a US$1.4 billion fine
later that year to lift the restrictions, which had barred the company from buying vital US-made components, including semiconductors.

In his keynote speech at MWC Shanghai on Tuesday, ZTE president Xu Ziyang said the commercial roll-out of 5G networks and services was still in a “fledgling stage”. That means the industry “will encounter both technology challenges and business uncertainties”.
At the event, both Huawei and ZTE highlighted their diversified 5G solutions in a bid to attract customers outside telecoms network operators. These include enterprises in industries such as mining, steel and manufacturing.
That followed initiatives by the Chinese government to push 5G adoption nationwide, helping modernise traditional industries. China plans to roll out at least 600,000 more 5G base stations in 2021.
How will broad indoor coverage drive global 5G adoption?
China, which treats 5G services expansion as a national strategic priority, has called on local governments, enterprises and research institutes to build new digital infrastructure.
But some of the telecoms gear vendors exhibiting at the MWC Shanghai reckon that many small and medium-sized companies are still pondering the costs associated with upgrading to advanced communications systems. So far, they see no killer 5G application in the market.
“A relatively small scale of adoption remains the problem,” said Gao Zhongyou, a manager at Chengdu-based Tianyi, a vendor of 5G pico systems, or small cellular base stations for enterprises.
That view was echoed by another senior GSMA official. “We’re still waiting for more 5G industry modules ... and further reduction in cost,” said Liu Hong, head of technology at GSMA Greater China. “These can promote wider application of 5G across industries.”
The battle over 5G
More education is required for traditional industries, so that companies would better understand how 5G could help their operations, as the country’s telecoms network operators expand their infrastructure, according to GSMA’s Chen.
5G builds upon 4G by providing a peak data rate of up to 20 gigabits per second and an average user experience of 100 megabits per second, compared with about 10Mbps in the previous generation. It also comes with an ultra-low latency rate of less than 1 millisecond, while existing 4G networks have a latency of 10 milliseconds. Latency is defined as the amount of time it takes for a packet of data to get from one point to another.
“This is completely not their language,” said Chen, referring to many enterprises in traditional industries. “5G is still a newborn baby and we need to have more patience.”


5G global standards won’t split despite scrutiny of Chinese telecoms gear makers, GSMA official says

A worker puts the finishing touches on a 5G signage at telecommunications industry trade show MWC Shanghai on February 23, 2021. Photo: Bloomberg

Attendees use tablets in front of signage for ZTE Corp. at the MWC Shanghai exhibition in Shanghai, China, on Tuesday, Feb. 23, 2021. The Shanghai event is modeled after a bigger annual industry show in Barcelona. Photographer: Qilai Shen/Bloomberg

Attendees walk past the Huawei Technologies Co. logo at the MWC Shanghai exhibition in Shanghai, China, on Tuesday, Feb. 23, 2021. Huawei took the wraps off its latest high-end foldable smartphone, hoping to stake out a place in a fast-expanding category despite dwindling expectations that Washington will roll back Trump-era sanctions anytime soon. Photographer: Qilai Shen/Bloomberg

A large 5G signage is seen above an exhibition booth at telecommunications industry trade show MWC Shanghai on February 23, 2021. Photo: Xinhua

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China Business


The positive prospects for 5G follow Washington’s decision last year to change a rule that prohibits US companies from working with Chinese firms on global standards
China treats 5G services expansion as a national strategic priority



A geographic split of global 5G standards is not expected to happen, despite tensions between Washington and Beijing, according to telecoms trade group GSM Association.


5G global standards won’t split despite scrutiny of Chinese telecoms gear makers, GSMA official says

The positive prospects for 5G follow Washington’s decision last year to change a rule that prohibits US companies from working with Chinese firms on global standards China treats 5G services expansion as a national strategic priority

The positive prospects for 5G follow Washington’s decision last year to change a rule that prohibits US companies from working with Chinese firms on global standards

China treats 5G services expansion as a national strategic priority